An experimental study on the validity and reliability of a smartphone application to acquire temporal variables during the single sit-to-stand test with older adults
Journal
Sensors
Date Issued
2021-03-15
Author(s)
Marques, Diogo Luís
Pereira Neiva, Henrique
Pires, Ivan Miguel
Garcia, Nuno M
Ruiz-Cárdenas, Juan Diego
Almeida Marinho, Daniel
Cardoso Marques, Mário
Abstract
Smartphone sensors have often been proposed as pervasive measurement systems to assess
mobility in older adults due to their ease of use and low-cost. This study analyzes a smartphone-based
application’s validity and reliability to quantify temporal variables during the single sit-to-stand
test with institutionalized older adults. Forty older adults (20 women and 20 men; 78.9 ± 8.6 years)
volunteered to participate in this study. All participants performed the single sit-to-stand test. Each
sit-to-stand repetition was performed after an acoustic signal was emitted by the smartphone app.
All data were acquired simultaneously with a smartphone and a digital video camera. The measured
temporal variables were stand-up time and total time. The relative reliability and systematic bias
inter-device were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots.
In contrast, absolute reliability was assessed using the standard error of measurement and coefficient
of variation (CV). Inter-device concurrent validity was assessed through correlation analysis. The
absolute percent error (APE) and the accuracy were also calculated. The results showed excellent
reliability (ICC = 0.92–0.97; CV = 1.85–3.03) and very strong relationships inter-devices for the
stand-up time (r = 0.94) and the total time (r = 0.98). The APE was lower than 6%, and the accuracy
was higher than 94%. Based on our data, the findings suggest that the smartphone application is
valid and reliable to collect the stand-up time and total time during the single sit-to-stand test with
older adults.
mobility in older adults due to their ease of use and low-cost. This study analyzes a smartphone-based
application’s validity and reliability to quantify temporal variables during the single sit-to-stand
test with institutionalized older adults. Forty older adults (20 women and 20 men; 78.9 ± 8.6 years)
volunteered to participate in this study. All participants performed the single sit-to-stand test. Each
sit-to-stand repetition was performed after an acoustic signal was emitted by the smartphone app.
All data were acquired simultaneously with a smartphone and a digital video camera. The measured
temporal variables were stand-up time and total time. The relative reliability and systematic bias
inter-device were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots.
In contrast, absolute reliability was assessed using the standard error of measurement and coefficient
of variation (CV). Inter-device concurrent validity was assessed through correlation analysis. The
absolute percent error (APE) and the accuracy were also calculated. The results showed excellent
reliability (ICC = 0.92–0.97; CV = 1.85–3.03) and very strong relationships inter-devices for the
stand-up time (r = 0.94) and the total time (r = 0.98). The APE was lower than 6%, and the accuracy
was higher than 94%. Based on our data, the findings suggest that the smartphone application is
valid and reliable to collect the stand-up time and total time during the single sit-to-stand test with
older adults.
Subjects
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
sensors-21-02050.pdf
Size
1.06 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):2ddb7822ff97e0775a81af6dede04ea5