Кредитен ризик и управување со кредитен ризик во земјите на транзиција, со посебен осврт на Република Македонија

Abstract

The problem with credit risk and managing of credit risk in the countries that emerged from the former concept on the so-called planning and contracting economy has become a very topical issue, especially in this so-called transition period. Some countries in the Eastern and South-Eastern Europe managed to quickly overcome the various challenges of socio-economic sphere, while others, for the specific socio-economic conditions are still in this phase. In the rapid overcoming of the mentioned challenges, generally, the financial institutions played a major role from which the greatest burden in this period fell over the banking institutions.The aforementioned institutions, in their daily activities during the transition period, faced with various challenges and barriers that were of objective and subjective nature. Therefore, this doctoral work at the center of its analysis has placed the credit risk and the opportunities of managing the same, especially the one in the Republic of Macedonia. As mentioned above, in their financial operations, the banks face with different types of financial and non-financial risks, such as: credit risk, liquidating risk, price risk, operational risk, the risk of the exchange rate and so on, from which, it has to be mentioned that each of these risks are in correlation to each other. Because of this, the bank management are obliged to find forms and methods of permanently identifying, measuring, monitoring and the total controlling to undertake and face any potential business risk. It is of great importance to be mentioned that this doctoral work would encompass a broader analysis of potential sources of credit risk with particular emphasis on the experience of countries in transition and developing countries including the Republic of Macedonia too. Based on the so far outlined description, it could be stated that with global processes of financial and currency markets in the world, the problem of high competition among the commercial banks and other institutions, the reduction of business barriers in terms of international transfer of banks and other business trends, the banks are required in such global business constellations to provide profit in their work.