Determination of protonation constants and structural correlations for some tertiary formamides and acetamides in sulfuric acid with UV spectroscopy

Journal
Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Date Issued
2015-11-12
Author(s)
Stojković, Goran
Dimitrieska-Stojković, Elizabeta
DOI
10.20450/mjcce.2015.702
Abstract
<jats:p><p>The protonation of ten aliphatic amides in sulfuric acid media was studied by UV spectroscopy. The pK<sub>BH</sub><sup>+ </sup>values and solvation parameters were calculated using Yates and McClelland Method, Excess Acidity Method and Bunnett and Olsen Method. pK<sub>BH</sub><sup>+</sup> values were –1.44, –1.15, –0.80, –0.32, –1.13 and –0.80 for formamide, dimethylformamide, diethylformamide, diisopropylformamide, diisobutyl­form­amide and dibutylformamide, respectively. According to the pK<sub>BH</sub><sup>+</sup> values obtained for acetamide, dimethylacetamide, diethylacetamide and diisopropylacetamide (–0.57, –0.29, –0.32 and 0.36, respectively), analogous acetamides were more basic than formamides. Applying the Hammett’s equation, satisfactory correlation could be gained only for some formamides, the basicities of which increased linearly with the inductive effect of the electron donating groups. From Taft’s approach, it can be concluded that the polar effect slightly dominates over the steric one. Excellent correlation between pK<sub>BH</sub><sup>+ </sup>and solvation parameters m* was achieved for formamide, dimethylformamide and diethylformamide. At half- and full-protonation, better correlation was obtained for formamides than for acetamides.</p></jats:p>
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G. Stojković, E. Dimitrieska-Stojković, E. Popovski, Determination of protonation constants and structural correlations for some tertiary formamides and acetamides in 302 sulfuric acid with UV spectroscopy, Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 34(2), 255–265 (2015).
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