Trigonocephaly – our experience and treatment in the Republic of Macedonia
Journal
Prilozi (Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite. Oddelenie za medicinski nauki)
Date Issued
2017-03-01
Author(s)
Micunovic, Mile
Mirchevski, Mirko Mishel
Мicunovic, Ljubica
DOI
10.1515/prilozi-2017-0004.
Abstract
Introduction: Prematurely fused metopic suture results in developmental anomaly named trigonocephaly. The
treatment of trigonocephaly is a surgical reconstruction, starting from the simple suturectomy toward the complicated
cranial vault reconstructions with aim to obtain enough endocranial space for normal development of
the brain and aesthetic correction as well.
The aim: The aim of our paper is to present our experience on this pathology in the Republic of Macedonia,
stressing the trigonocephaly as one of the rare forms of craniosynostosis.
Our material: During a period of 20 years (from 1996 to 2015) at the Pediatric department of the Clinic for
Neurosurgery in Skopje, we observed 18 babies with trigonocephaly, including one with Carpenter syndrome
and trigonocephaly, 14 males and 4 females. All children had simple trigonocephaly, one had syndromic
trigonocephaly (Carpenter’s syndrome). According to Oi and Matsumoto classification done in 19865 severe
trigonocephaly is observed in 11 cases and, moderate trigonocephaly in 7 cases.
Our method: Our treatment consisted of slightly modified Di Rocco’s3 surgical procedure named “shell” operation,
adding transposition of the “bone flap”.
Results: The postoperative period was uneventful except for the expected forehead swelling. The babies were
discharged from the hospital on average at the 8th postoperative day. At the three months control after the surgery,
the head had excellent aesthetic appearance, with regular psychomotor development according to the age of
the patient (Fig 3а and 3b). We had no serious complications except the expected postoperative swelling of the
forehead. All operated children had excellent “long term” aesthetic effect and normal psychomotor development.
Conclusion: The early recognition of these anomalies including all craniosynostoses, the deformities of the
newborn and infant’s head and the preventive operative reconstruction would prevent abnormal disturbance
of the psychomotor development during the child’s growth. The multidisciplinary approach can prevent new
disabled individuals in the society. Our technique allows shortening the entire surgical procedure, especially in
the departments where blood saving devices are not available.
treatment of trigonocephaly is a surgical reconstruction, starting from the simple suturectomy toward the complicated
cranial vault reconstructions with aim to obtain enough endocranial space for normal development of
the brain and aesthetic correction as well.
The aim: The aim of our paper is to present our experience on this pathology in the Republic of Macedonia,
stressing the trigonocephaly as one of the rare forms of craniosynostosis.
Our material: During a period of 20 years (from 1996 to 2015) at the Pediatric department of the Clinic for
Neurosurgery in Skopje, we observed 18 babies with trigonocephaly, including one with Carpenter syndrome
and trigonocephaly, 14 males and 4 females. All children had simple trigonocephaly, one had syndromic
trigonocephaly (Carpenter’s syndrome). According to Oi and Matsumoto classification done in 19865 severe
trigonocephaly is observed in 11 cases and, moderate trigonocephaly in 7 cases.
Our method: Our treatment consisted of slightly modified Di Rocco’s3 surgical procedure named “shell” operation,
adding transposition of the “bone flap”.
Results: The postoperative period was uneventful except for the expected forehead swelling. The babies were
discharged from the hospital on average at the 8th postoperative day. At the three months control after the surgery,
the head had excellent aesthetic appearance, with regular psychomotor development according to the age of
the patient (Fig 3а and 3b). We had no serious complications except the expected postoperative swelling of the
forehead. All operated children had excellent “long term” aesthetic effect and normal psychomotor development.
Conclusion: The early recognition of these anomalies including all craniosynostoses, the deformities of the
newborn and infant’s head and the preventive operative reconstruction would prevent abnormal disturbance
of the psychomotor development during the child’s growth. The multidisciplinary approach can prevent new
disabled individuals in the society. Our technique allows shortening the entire surgical procedure, especially in
the departments where blood saving devices are not available.
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