Energy potential from the municipal solid waste in the Skopje region
Journal
Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction
Date Issued
2023-11
Author(s)
Dimitrovski, Dame & Uler Zefikj, Monika
Abstract
The increasing living standard and technology development on a global level affects the waste management of the Western Balkan region including the Republic of North Macedonia. This improvement in the living conditions in the country leads to increased waste generation throughout the years reaching a value of 452 kg per person in 2021. However, a growing challenge to the waste sector is the insufficient and inadequate infrastructure, as well as lack of awareness of the population regarding recycling. Considering that the percentage of recycled waste is below 1%, the most applied method of waste disposal is landfilling, although it presents the least desired option regarding the waste management hierarchy. Drisla Landifll is the only controlled landfill in the country registered for processing and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste, which during 2021 has received 258,708 tons of municipal solid waste. This paper analyses the impact of replacement raw fossil fuels with RDF in the cement industry by conducting simulations on the energy produced, emission reductions, and financial saving, considering that the adopted conversion rate from MSW (municipal solid waste) to RDF (refuse derived fuel) is 40% and the amount of RDF generated from the total amount of MSW landfilled in Drisla presents 103,483 tons. The conclusions are that the benefits from the pairing between the landfill and cement plant are numerous, reducing waste being landfilled to half, lowering CO2 emission, replacing fossil fuels in cement kilns lowering the impact on biodiversity from excavation contributing to circular economy.
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