Future of the Balkans in the Time of Integration and Globalization – Dangers and Challenges of Contemporary Times
Journal
POLITICAL THOUGHT
Date Issued
2021-08
Author(s)
Sulejmani, Rizvan
GJurovski, Marjan
Abstract
A number of authors have written on the topic of divisions between the East and the
West, or respectively, the Orient vs Occident, presenting such divisions as if they are
mainly taking place between two systems of values. These divisions are cultural, and even
more religious and historical. The most vocal proponent of such divisions is Edward W.
Said who says that the Orient is the spirit which has been created by the Occidentalist,
and this division is grounded on the way of thinking along ontological and epistemological
differences1.
Kulenovic, by recalling Preston, suggests that the idea of superiority of the western man
has not been born all of a sudden. The idea of superiority and supremacy of the colonial
man has its own evolution. In his view, during the early period of trade exchanges
between European and other non-European peoples, the Muslims were observed as
exotic, but culturally equal. During the renaissance period, as the trade further expanded,
the non-Europeans began to stand for innocence, therefore the term the wild noblemen.
As colonialism was spreading during the nineteenth century, so the perception of them
being wild and uncivilized started to equally change2
.
John M. Hobson, on the other hand, maintains that the divisions between the East and
the West gained momentum after the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans in 1453. To
support this claim, he points to the cylindrical map projected by the geographer Gerardus
Mercator in 1569 in which there is an obvious unequal representation, given that the
southern hemisphere is twice the size of the northern one, while the map shows quite
the opposite, two-thirds covering the northern as opposed to the one-third covering the
southern hemisphere3.
Our interest, however, in none of analyzing the divisions between the East and the West,
but rather of scrutinizing the position of the Balkans, which geographically is spreading
along these imaginary division lines. To this end, we shall refer to the observations made
by Maria Todorova, who presents her views in her book „Imaging the Balkans”.
West, or respectively, the Orient vs Occident, presenting such divisions as if they are
mainly taking place between two systems of values. These divisions are cultural, and even
more religious and historical. The most vocal proponent of such divisions is Edward W.
Said who says that the Orient is the spirit which has been created by the Occidentalist,
and this division is grounded on the way of thinking along ontological and epistemological
differences1.
Kulenovic, by recalling Preston, suggests that the idea of superiority of the western man
has not been born all of a sudden. The idea of superiority and supremacy of the colonial
man has its own evolution. In his view, during the early period of trade exchanges
between European and other non-European peoples, the Muslims were observed as
exotic, but culturally equal. During the renaissance period, as the trade further expanded,
the non-Europeans began to stand for innocence, therefore the term the wild noblemen.
As colonialism was spreading during the nineteenth century, so the perception of them
being wild and uncivilized started to equally change2
.
John M. Hobson, on the other hand, maintains that the divisions between the East and
the West gained momentum after the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans in 1453. To
support this claim, he points to the cylindrical map projected by the geographer Gerardus
Mercator in 1569 in which there is an obvious unequal representation, given that the
southern hemisphere is twice the size of the northern one, while the map shows quite
the opposite, two-thirds covering the northern as opposed to the one-third covering the
southern hemisphere3.
Our interest, however, in none of analyzing the divisions between the East and the West,
but rather of scrutinizing the position of the Balkans, which geographically is spreading
along these imaginary division lines. To this end, we shall refer to the observations made
by Maria Todorova, who presents her views in her book „Imaging the Balkans”.
Subjects
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