General overview of the operation, efficiency, and emissions of waste-to-energy technologies
Journal
Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia (SimTerm 2022)
Date Issued
2022
Author(s)
Uler-Zefikj, M., Shesho, I., Filkoski, R., Tashevski, D., & Dimitrovski, D.
Abstract
The amount of waste generated in the Western Balkans region has been steadily increasing throughout the years, with a current amount of 1000 kg generated waste per capita with a recycling rate below 3%. This brings the necessity to analyse different types of waste regarding their calorific value, particle size and moisture content to determine the capacity to use them as low-cost renewable fuels in waste-to-energy (WtE) facilities. By studying the mode and conditions of operation, and process efficiency of different WtE conversion technologies, the suitability of each technique for generating electricity, heat or fuel can be defined. The WtE technology market is presented by providing specific examples of real plants installed around the world, accenting the advantages and shortcomings of each case. Results obtained from the literature review performed show that WtE processes encourage a circular economy by transforming waste management into a resource management system. Finally, WtE contributes to the reduction of landfill waste by its exploitation for renewable energy generation representing a sustainable process. However, some limiting factors remain to be surpassed for these techniques to pair up with conventional energy systems.
Subjects
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