Spiroski, Igor

Preferred name

Spiroski, Igor

Official Name

Spiroski, Igor

Alternative Name

Igor, Spiroski

I, Spiroski

Igor Spiroski

Spiroski Igor

Spiroski, I

I. Spiroski

Spiroski I.

Spiroski I

I Spiroski

Main Affiliation

igor.spiroski@medf.ukim.edu.mk

Now showing 1 - 10 of 49

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National, regional, and global trends in insufficient physical activity among adults from 2000 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 507 population-based surveys with 5·7 million participants
(Elsevier, 2024-06-25)
Strain, Tessa
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Flaxman, Seth
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Guthold, Regina
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Semenova, Elizaveta
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Cowan, Melanie
Insufficient physical activity increases the risk of non-communicable diseases, poor physical and cognitive function, weight gain, and mental ill-health. Global prevalence of adult insufficient physical activity was last published for 2016, with limited trend data. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of insufficient physical activity for 197 countries and territories, from 2000 to 2022.
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Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants
(Elsevier BV, 2020-11-07)
Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea
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Zhou, Bin
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Sophiea, Marisa K
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Bentham, James
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Paciorek, Christopher J
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Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019-05-08)
NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
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Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities1,2. This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity3-6. Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.
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Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight
(eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2021-03-09)
null, null
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Iurilli, Maria LC
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Zhou, Bin
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Bennett, James E
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Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M
<jats:p>From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.</jats:p>
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Socioeconomic disparities in physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep patterns among 6‐ to 9‐year‐old children from 24 countries in the WHO European region
(Wiley, 2021-07-07)
Musić Milanović, Sanja
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Buoncristiano, Marta
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Križan, Helena
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Rathmes, Giulia
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Williams, Julianne
Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep are important predictors of children's health. This paper aimed to investigate socioeconomic disparities in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep across the WHO European region. This cross-sectional study used data on 124,700 children aged 6 to 9 years from 24 countries participating in the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative between 2015 and 2017. Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured through parental education, parental employment status, and family perceived wealth. Overall, results showed different patterns in socioeconomic disparities in children's movement behaviors across countries. In general, high SES children were more likely to use motorized transportation. Low SES children were less likely to participate in sports clubs and more likely to have more than 2 h/day of screen time. Children with low parental education had a 2.24 [95% CI 1.94–2.58] times higher risk of practising sports for less than 2 h/week. In the pooled analysis, SES was not significantly related to active play. The relationship between SES and sleep varied by the SES indicator used. Importantly, results showed that low SES is not always associated with a higher prevalence of “less healthy” behaviors. There is a great diversity in SES patterns across countries which supports the need for country-specific, targeted public health interventions.
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Impact of COVID-19 confinement on eating behaviours across 16 European countries: the COVIDiet cross-national study
(Elsevier BV, 2021-03)
Molina-Montes, Esther
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Uzhova, Irina
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Verardo, Vito
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Artacho, Reyes
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García-Villanova, Belén
We aimed to evaluate the changes in eating behaviours of the adult population across 16 European countries due to the COVID-19 confinement and to evaluate whether these changes were somehow related to the severity of the containment measures applied in each country. An anonymous online selfreported questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, validated 14-items Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) Adherence Screener (MEDAS) as a reference of a healthy diet, eating and lifestyle behaviours prior to and during the COVID-19 confinement was used to collect data. The study included an adult population residing in 16 European countries at the time of the survey. Aggregated Stringency Index (SI) score, based on data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, was calculated for each country at the time the questionnaire was distributed (range: 0-100). A total of 36,185 participants completed the questionnaire (77.6% female, 75.2% with high educational level and 42.7% aged between 21 and 35 years). In comparison to pre-confinement, a significantly higher adherence to the MedDiet during the confinement was observed across all countries (overall MEDAS score prior to- and during confinement: 5.23±2.06 vs. 6.15±2.06; p<0.001), with the largest increase seen in Greece and North Macedonia. The highest adherence to MedDiet during confinement was found in Spain and Portugal (7.18±1.84 and 7.34±1.95, respectively). Stricter contingency restrictions seemed to lead to a significantly higher increase in the adherence to the MedDiet. The findings from this crosssectional study could be used to inform current diet-related public health guidelines to ensure optimal nutrition is followed among the population, which in turn would help to alleviate the current public health crisis.
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Thinness, overweight, and obesity in 6‐ to 9‐year‐old children from 36 countries: The World Health Organization European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative—COSI 2015–2017
(Wiley, 2021-07-07)
Spinelli, Angela
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Buoncristiano, Marta
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Nardone, Paola
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Starc, Gregor
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Hejgaard, Tatjana
In 2015–2017, the fourth round of the World Health Organization (WHO) European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) was conducted in 36 countries. National representative samples of children aged 6–9 (203,323) were measured by trained staff, with similar equipment and using a standardized protocol. This paper assesses the children's body weight status and compares the burden of childhood overweight, obesity, and thinness in Northern, Eastern, and Southern Europe and Central Asia. The results show great geographic variability in height, weight, and body mass index. On average, the children of Northern Europe were the tallest, those of Southern Europe the heaviest, and the children living in Central Asia the lightest and the shortest. Overall, 28.7% of boys and 26.5% of girls were overweight (including obesity) and 2.5% and 1.9%, respectively, were thin according to the WHO definitions. The prevalence of obesity varied from 1.8% of boys and 1.1% of girls in Tajikistan to 21.5% and 19.2%, respectively, in Cyprus, and tended to be higher for boys than for girls. Levels of thinness, stunting, and underweight were relatively low, except in Eastern Europe (for thinness) and in Central Asia. Despite the efforts to halt it, unhealthy weight status is still an important problem in the WHO European Region.
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Urban and rural differences in frequency of fruit, vegetable, and soft drink consumption among 6–9‐year‐old children from 19 countries from the WHO European region
(Wiley, 2021-07-07)
Heinen, Mirjam M.
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Bel‐Serrat, Silvia
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Kelleher, Cecily C.
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Buoncristiano, Marta
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Spinelli, Angela
In order to address the paucity of evidence on the association between childhood eating habits and urbanization, this cross-sectional study describes urban–rural differences in frequency of fruit, vegetable, and soft drink consumption in 123,100 children aged 6–9 years from 19 countries participating in the fourth round (2015–2017) of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Children's parents/caregivers completed food-frequency questionnaires. A multivariate multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed and revealed wide variability among countries and within macroregions for all indicators. The percentage of children attending rural schools ranged from 3% in Turkey to 70% in Turkmenistan. The prevalence of less healthy eating habits was high, with between 30–80% and 30–90% children not eating fruit or vegetables daily, respectively, and up to 45% consuming soft drinks on >3 days a week. For less than one third of the countries, children attending rural schools had higher odds (OR-range: 1.1–2.1) for not eating fruit or vegetables daily or consuming soft drinks >3 days a week compared to children attending urban schools. For the remainder of the countries no significant associations were observed. Both population-based interventions and policy strategies are necessary to improve access to healthy foods and increase healthy eating behaviors among children.
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Socioeconomic differences in food habits among 6‐ to 9‐year‐old children from 23 countries—WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI 2015/2017)
(Wiley, 2021-07-07)
Fismen, Anne‐Siri
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Buoncristiano, Marta
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Williams, Julianne
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Helleve, Arnfinn
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Bakacs, Márta
Background Socioeconomic differences in children's food habits are a key public health concern. In order to inform policy makers, cross-country surveillance studies of dietary patterns across socioeconomic groups are required. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and children's food habits. Methods The study was based on nationally representative data from children aged 6–9 years (n = 129,164) in 23 countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region. Multivariate multilevel analyses were used to explore associations between children's food habits (consumption of fruit, vegetables, and sugar-containing soft drinks) and parental education, perceived family wealth and parental employment status. Results Overall, the present study suggests that unhealthy food habits are associated with lower SES, particularly as assessed by parental education and family perceived wealth, but not parental employment status. We found cross-national and regional variation in associations between SES and food habits and differences in the extent to which the respective indicators of SES were related to children's diet. Conclusion Socioeconomic differences in children's food habits exist in the majority of European and Asian countries examined in this study. The results are of relevance when addressing strategies, policy actions, and interventions targeting social inequalities in children's diets.
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Проценка на нутритивниот статус кај деца во град Скопје - компаративна анализа за периодот 2010 - 2016 година
(INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA, 2019-08-22)
Gjetaj Jakovski, Marije
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Цел на трудот беше да се направи компаративна анализа на нутритивниот статус на деца на возраст од 6 до 8 години во градот Скопје во 2010 и 2016 година. Материјал и методи: За спроведување на истражувањето во 2010 и 2016 година беше развиен протокол кој беше усогласен со протоколот на COSI истражувањето. Во двата круга на собирање на податоци во 14 основните училишта на територијата на град Скопје беа одбрани деца од второ одделение. Антропометриските испитувања се вршени според стандардите на СЗО за мерење на висина и тежина. Референците за раст на училишни деца на СЗО од 2007 година беа користени за да се пресметаат z-скоровите на стандардни девијации на индексот телесна маса-за-возраст (БМИ/В), како и за интерпретација на антропометриските индикатори. Финалната обработка на податоците и проценката беше направена со примена на WHO AnthroPlus софтверот. Резултати: Вкупниот број вклучени деца во истражувањето во 2010 година беше 324, од кои 174 машки и 150 женски деца. Во истражувањето во 2016 година беа вклучени 365 деца, од кои 183 машки и 182 женски деца. Индексот БМИ/В кај децата мерени во 2010 година покажа кај 0,3% потхранетост кај сите деца. Индексот БМИ/В покажува дека речиси кај една третина од децата постои зголемена ТТ и дебелина, со тоа што во 2010 година процентот на деца со зголемена ТТ и дебелина е повисок (32,4%) во однос на 2016 година (28,8%). Исто така, поголем процент на дебели деца се измерени во 2010 година (14,5%) во споредба со 2016 година (12,6%). Околу 5% од децата се со екстремна дебелина (% > +3СД) и се евидентирани во 2010 година, додека во 2016 година таа состојба е присутна кај 4,7%. Заклучок: Кривата на дистрибуција е поместена надесно во однос на референтните вредности, односно проблемите со исхраната на децата се поместени кон ризиците од зголемена телесна тежина и дебелина. Според тоа, и јавноздравствените акции треба да бидат насочени во тој правец. Потхранетоста, било умерена или тешка, ретко се среќава и не претставува значаен јавноздравствен проблем кај децата на оваа возраст во Македонија.

Spiroski, Igor

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