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    HEPATIC PORTAL VENOUS GAS
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2023)
    Stavreski, Nacko
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    Klinche, Shener
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    Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG), an ominous radiologic sign, in most of the cases is associated with a severe abdominal disease that requires an urgent surgical intervention. In the medical literature, HPVG has been commonly associated with severe or lethal conditions. The diagnosis of HPVG is usually made by plain abdominal radiography, ultrasonography, color Dopler flow imaging or computed tomography (CT) scan. The increased use of CT scan in the inpatient setting allows early and highly sensitive detection and also recognition of an increasing number of benign and non-life threating causes of HPVG. The prognosis is related to the pathology itself and is not influenced by the presence of HPVG.
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    Leiomyosarcoma of the urinary blader - case report
    (Medical Faculty, Ss Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 2013)
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    Adrenal tumors as incidentalomas: report of our experience
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2017)
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    Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging - our experiences in determining preoperative TNM staging of bladder cancer
    (Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 2013)
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    Lazarova, Aleksandra
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    THE ROLE OF T2W PULSE SEQUENCE AND DIFFUSION WITH ITS NUMERICAL ADC MAP IN PROSTATE CANCER DIAGNOSIS
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2023)
    Kostova, Masha
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    In patients with increased PSA (prostate-specific antigen), the next diagnostics tool is transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy-TRUS. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp MRI) as non invasive diagnostic tool is used as a triage test to avoid biopsy, as well as to improve the diagnostics. In our study we want to prove the clinical meaning of T2W pulse sequence and diffusion as a part of mp MRI in prostate malignant lesions detection and their distinction from the benign lesions. This cohort prospective study included 100 patients with increased levels of PSA from 4 ng/ml to 76 ng/ml. The MRI equipment used was Siemens Essenza1,5T with body coil. The results from the T2W pulse sequence and diffusion are correlated with the values of diffusion and ADC map, in which the suspected zones are marked on a template. Patients undergo biopsy depending on the PIRADS (prostate-imaging and reporting data system) classification. The MRI results and the pathohistological findings are then compared. Clinically significant cancer is considered to be a cancer with a Gleason score 6, diameter > 6mm. The values of diffusion with its numerical ADC map are considerably lower for malignant nodules compared to benign ones. Hyposignal of T2W pulse sequence is characterized with score 2 and 3 in benign changes, and 4 and 5 in malignant changes using the PI RADS score system for differentiation. T2W pulse sequence combined with diffusion is a powerful tool for non-invasive differentiation of benign prostatic hyperplastic nodule and prostatitis from a malignant nodule.
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    TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS COMPLEX- RADIOLOGICAL FEATURES IN DIFFERENT BODY SYSTEMS
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2023)
    Apostoloska, Veronika
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    Crcevska, Sofija
    Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a rare genetic disorder of autosomal - dominant inheritance. Tuberous sclerosis complex is characterized by the development of benign tumors affecting different body systems who results in hamartomas involving many organs, like the brain, heart, kidneys, skin, lungs and liver. The management of these patients is often multidisciplinary, involving specialists from various fields. TSC presents at any age as a wide range of clinical and phenotypic manifestations with varying severity. The most common manifestations are facial angiofibroma, seizures, cortical tubers, cardiac rhabdomyoma, renal cysts and tumor of the kidneys. We present four patients with characteristic clinical and radiological features of multilocular tuberous sclerosis.
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    COMPARISON OF TWO DIFFERENT PLATE TYPES IN THE MINIMALLY INVASIVE PERCUTANEOUS PLATE OSTEOSYNTHESIS OF DISTAL TIBIA FRACTURES
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2023)
    Nastov, Nebojsha
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    Bekteshi, Labinot
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    Distal tibia fractures present a unique challenge for the surgeon due to the subcutaneous position of the tibia with a thin soft tissue envelope. The development of the technique for minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) is a well-accepted step towards this direction. In our study we explore the benefits and shortcomings of two different plate types used with this technique: the 3.5 mm anatomically pre-shaped titanium plate, and the 4.5 mm LC-DCP. The study was a prospective – retrospective clinical intervention case control study of 100 patients with closed, unstable, extraarticular and partially articular fractures of the distal tibia and fibula, classified as AO type 43A1, 43A2 and 43А3. Patients were divided in two groups of 50 patients. Group A were patients prospectively treated with a 3.5 mm pre-shaped plate, and Group B were patients with retrospectively collected data treated with a 4.5 mm LC-DCP. Patietns age was 38.15 years with 68 male and 32 female patients. Operation duration in Group A was 57.14 ± 8.30 and 66.67 ± 5.55, in Group B which was statistically significant. Partial and full weight bearing, as well as time to union in both groups was achieved within a similar timeframe. Functional according to Johner and Wruh's criteria and showed that most patients in both groups (61) had excellent results (Group A: 32, Group B: 29) and 21 had good results (Group A: 10, Group B:11). Rate of complications were comparable between the two groups, in regard to superficial infection, deep infection and ankle stiffness. Only complication parameter which showed a significant difference between the two groups was rate of implant irritation, which was higher in the 4.5 mm LC-DCP group. Both 3.5 mm and 4.5 mm plates are reliable when used with a MIPPO technique. This method is minimally invasive, preserves the periosteal blood supply and ensures optimal conditions for biological repair of distal tibia fractures, regardless of the type of plate used.
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    CT and MR imaging of the most common neoplasms of the urinary bladder
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2013)
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    Interventional procedure in breast lesions- core-biopsy
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2017)
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