Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Late Pleistocene glacial advances, equilibrium-line altitude changes and paleoclimate in the Jakupica Mts (North Macedonia)
    (Elsevier BV, 2022-09)
    Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger, Zsófia
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    Temovski, Marjan
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    Kern, Zoltán
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    Madarász, Balázs
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    Multi-hazard modeling of erosion and landslide susceptibility at the national scale in the example of North Macedonia
    (Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2024-11-01)
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    Aleksova, Bojana
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    Lukić, Tin
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    Dragićević, Slavoljub
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    Valjarević, Aleksandar
    Due to favorable natural conditions and human impact, the territory of North Macedonia is very susceptible to natural hazards. Steep hillslopes combined with soft rocks (schists on the mountains; sands and sandstones in depressions), erodible soils, semiarid continental climate, and sparse vegetation cover give a high potential for soil erosion and landslides. For this reason, this study presents a multi-hazard approach to geohazard modeling on the national extent in the example of North Macedonia. Utilizing Geographic Information Systems, relevant data about the entire research area were employed to analyze and assess soil erosion and susceptibility to landslides and identify areas prone to both hazards. Using the Gavrilović Erosion Potential Method (EPM), an average value of 0.36 was obtained for the erosion coefficient <jats:italic>Z</jats:italic>, indicating low to moderate susceptibility to erosion. However, a significant area of the country (9.6%) is susceptible to high and excess erosion rates. For the landslide susceptibility assessment (LSA), the Analytical hierarchy process approach is combined with the statistical method (frequency ratio), showing that 29.3% of the territory belongs to the zone of high and very high landslide susceptibility. Then, the accuracy assessment is performed for both procedures (EPM and LSA), showing acceptable reliability. By overlapping both models, a multi-hazard map is prepared, indicating that 22.3% of North Macedonia territory is highly susceptible to erosion and landslides. The primary objective of multi-hazard modeling is to identify and delineate hazardous areas, thereby aiding in activities to reduce the hazards and mitigate future damage. This becomes particularly significant when considering the impact of climate change, which is associated with increased landslide and erosion susceptibility. The approach based on a national level presented in this work can provide valuable information for regional planning and decision-making processes.
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    Assessing risk-prone areas in the Kratovska Reka catchment (North Macedonia) by integrating advanced geospatial analytics and flash flood potential index
    (Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2024-05-01)
    Aleksova, Bojana
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    Marković, Slobodan B.
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    Cvetković, Vladimir M.
    This study presents a comprehensive analysis of flash flood susceptibility in the Kratovska Reka catchment area of Northeastern North Macedonia, integrating Geographic Information System, remote sensing, and field survey data. Key factors influencing flash flood dynamics, including Slope, Lithology, Land use, and Vegetation index, were investigated to develop the Flash Flood Potential Index (FFPI). Mapping slope variation using a 5-m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) revealed higher slopes in eastern tributaries compared to western counterparts. Lithological units were classified based on susceptibility to erosion processes, with clastic sediments identified as most prone to flash floods. Land use analysis highlighted non-irrigated agricultural surfaces and areas with sparse vegetation as highly susceptible. Integration of these factors into the FFPI model provided insights into flash flood susceptibility, with results indicating a medium risk across the catchment. The average value of the FFPI is 1.9, considering that the values range from 1 to 5. Also, terrains susceptible to flash floods were found to be 49.34%, classified as medium risk. Field survey data validated the model, revealing a significant overlap between hotspot areas for flash floods and high-risk regions identified by the FFPI. An average FFPI coefficient was calculated for each tributary (sub-catchment) of the Kratovska Reka. According to the model, Latišnica had the highest average coefficient of susceptibility to potential flash floods, with a value of 2.16. These findings offer valuable insights for spatial planning and flood risk management, with implications for both local and national-scale applications. Future research directions include incorporating machine learning techniques to enhance modeling accuracy and reduce subjectivity in assigning weighting factors.</jats:p>
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    Modelling Water Erosion and Mass Movements (Wet) by Using GIS-Based Multi-Hazard Susceptibility Assessment Approaches: A Case Study—Kratovska Reka Catchment (North Macedonia)
    (MDPI AG, 2023-07-12)
    Aleksova, Bojana
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    Lukić, Tin
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    Spalević, Velibor
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    Marković, Slobodan B.
    <jats:p>Kratovska Reka is a short (17.3 km) left tributary of Kriva Reka, whose watershed (68.5 km2) is located on the northwestern slopes of the Osogovo Mountains (North Macedonia). Due to the favorable natural conditions and anthropogenic factors, the Kratovska Reka catchment is under a high risk of natural hazards, especially water erosion and landslide occurrences. For this reason, the paper presents an approach of modelling of potential erosion and areas susceptible to the above-mentioned hydro-meteorological hazards in the Kratovska River catchment. Firstly, this study analyzed the main geographical features that contribute to intensive erosion processes in the area. Then, using the Gavrilović EPM erosion potential method, an average value of 0.56 was obtained for the erosion coefficient Z, indicating areas prone to high erosion risk. Furthermore, by using landslide susceptibility analysis (LSA), terrains susceptible to landslides were identified. The results shows that 1/3 of the catchment is very susceptible to mass movements in wet conditions (landslides). According to the combined multi-hazard model, 3.13% of the total area of the Kratovska River catchment is both at high risk of landslides and under severe erosion. The Kratovska River catchment is significantly endangered by the excessive water erosion processes (39.86%), especially on the steep valley sides, i.e., terrains that are completely exposed, under sparse vegetation, and open to the effects of distribution/concentration of the rainfall amounts throughout the year. Identifying locations with the highest erosion risk serves as the initial step in defining and implementing appropriate mitigation measures across local and regional scales, thus enhancing overall resilience to environmental challenges.</jats:p>
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    Long Term Monitoring and Connection between Topography and Cloud Cover Distribution in Serbia
    (MDPI AG, 2021-07-27)
    Valjarević, Aleksandar
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    Morar, Cezar
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    Živković, Jelena
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    Niemets, Liudmyla
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    Kićović, Dušan
    The use of weather satellite recordings has been growing rapidly over the last three decades. Determining the patterns between meteorological and topographical features is an important scientific job. Cloud cover analysis and properties can be of the utmost significance for potential cloud seeding. Here, the analysis of the cloud properties was conducted by means of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite recordings. The resolution of used data was 1 km2 within the period of 30 years (1989–2019). This research showed moderate changing of cloudiness in the territory of Serbia with a high cloudiness in February, followed by cloudiness in January and November. For the past three decades, May has been the month with the highest cloudiness. The regions in the east and south-west, and particularly in the west, have a high absolute cloudiness, which is connected with the high elevation of the country. By means of long term monitoring, the whole territory of Serbia was analyzed for the first time, in terms of cloudiness. Apart from the statistical and numerical results obtained, this research showed a connection between relief and clouds, especially in the winter season. Linear regression MK (Mann-Kendall test) has proven this theory right, connecting high elevation sides with high absolute cloudiness through the year.
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    The westernmost Late Miocene–Pliocene volcanic activity in the Vardar zone (North Macedonia)
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-12-24)
    Molnár, Kata
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    Lahitte, Pierre
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    Dibacto, Stéphane
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    Benkó, Zsolt
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    Agostini, Samuele
    Late Miocene to Pleistocene volcanism within the Vardar zone (North Macedonia) covers a large area, has a wide range in composition, and is largely connected to the tectonic evolution of the South Balkan extensional system, the northern part of the Aegean extensional regime. The onset of the scattered potassic to ultrapotassic volcanism south from the Scutari-Peć transverse zone occurred at ca. 8.0 Ma based on this study. Here, we focused on three volcanic centers located on deep structures or thrust faults along the western part of the Vardar zone, for which there is none to very little geochronological and geochemical data available. Pakoševo and Debrište localities are represented as small remnants of lava flows cropping out at the southern edge of Skopje basin and at the western edge of Tikveš basin, respectively. Šumovit Greben center is considered as part of the Kožuf-Voras volcanic system, and it is located on its westernmost side, at the southern edge of Mariovo basin, which is largely composed of volcaniclastic sediments. We present new eruption ages applying the unspiked Cassignol-Gillot K–Ar technique on groundmass, as well as petrological and geochemical data, supplemented with Sr and Nd isotopes to complement and better understand the Neogene-Pleistocene volcanism in the region. Eruption ages on these rocks interlayered between sedimentary formations allow to better constrain the evolution of those sedimentary basins. Rocks from the three volcanic centers belong to the high-K calc-alkaline–shoshonitic series based on their elevated K content. The oldest center amongst these three localities, as well as other Late Miocene centers within the region, is the trachyandesitic Debrište, which formed at ca. 8.0 Ma, and exhibits the highest Nd and lowest Sr isotopic ratios (0.512441–0.512535 and 0.706759–0.706753, respectively). The basaltic trachyandesite Pakoševo center formed at ca. 3.8 Ma and its Nd and Sr isotopic ratios (0.512260 and 0.709593, respectively) bear the strongest signature of crustal contamination. The rhyolitic Šumovit Greben center is a composite volcanic structure formed at ca. 3.0–2.7 Ma. Its youngest eruption unit has a slightly higher Nd and lower Sr isotopic ratios (0.512382 and 0.709208, respectively) representing a magma with a lesser extent of crustal assimilation than the other samples from this center. The overall trend through time in the Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of the Late Miocene to Pleistocene mafic volcanic centers in the region implies an increasing rate of metasomatism of the lithospheric mantle.
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    A winter flash flood in Skenderaj, Kosovo: heavy rainfall analysis and early warning perspectives
    (Institute of Meteorology and Water Management - National Research Institute, 2025-08-08)
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    Osmanaj, Lavdim
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    Hajdari Llapashtica, Venera
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