Stojchevska, Monika

Preferred name
Stojchevska, Monika
Official Name
Stojchevska, Monika
Translated Name
Стојчевска, Моника
Alternative Name
Моника Стојчевска
Stojcevska, Monika
Stojcevska, M
Stojchevska, M
Monika Stojchevska
Monika Stojcevska
Main Affiliation

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    Health Financing and Expenditures in Balkan countries: the case of North Macedonia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro
    (Macedonian Medical Association = Македонско лекарско друштво, 2025-04)
    Vasilevska, Hristina
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    Filipche, Milcho
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    Introduction. The health financing model and health spending should meet the population health needs. The aim of this paper is to analyze and compare the financing of the health systems in the selected Balkan countries: North Macedonia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro. Material and method. Data from World Health Organization HFA-DB and World Bank has been used as well as from Health in Action Reports for the selected countries. Desk review of official documents and websites of government and health institutions and the literature has been applied. Results. All countries had a socialist system in Yugoslavia and the same health system. The system was reformed later in the transitional period. The Bismarck model of mandatory health insurance is dominant in all countries with recent reforms in Montenegro. Montenegro introduced major health insurance reforms, shifting from a contributions-based system to a fully tax-funded system. In North Macedonia Healthcare spending is relatively low compared to European Union (EU) and Southeastern European countries, current health expenditure as % of GDP is 8.5% in 2021. The health expenditures in 2021 in Bosnia and Herzegovina with 9.6% of GDP, in Serbia 10.01%, and in Montenegro 10.5% are at the level of the average of the European region and EU countries (10.95%). Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments of health spending in 2021 are high, in North Macedonia is accounted for 41.7%, in Montenegro 38.08%, in Serbia 35,86% and in Bosnia and Herzegovina 30.71%. Conclusion. The financing of health systems in the Balkans has improved in the last decade following a series of transition reforms and socio-political challenges. However, inequalities in health systems between countries, as well as with EU countries, persist.
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    PREVALENCE OF PSYCHOSIS IN NORTH MACEDONIA FOR THE PERIOD FROM 2020 TO 2023
    (Macedonian Medical Association, 2025-09)
    Vasilevska, Hristina
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    The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of psychosis in the Republic of North Macedonia (RNM) for the period 2020-2023. Data from the Psychosis Registry of the Institute of Public Health - Skopje, as well as reports from the Public Health Centers in the Republic of North Macedonia, were used. A descriptive-analytical method was used to analyze and present the results. In 2020, the overall rate of psychosis cases was 134.88 per 100,000 population. In 2023, the rate doubled to 299.3 per 100,000 population. In 2023, the rate doubled to 299.3 per 100,000 inhabitants. The largest number of cases for the entire period was diagnosed in the population aged 45-54 years (3935). There are also regional differences, with the most cases documented in the Skopje (1462) and Pelagonia regions (1287). Conclusion: The trend of people suffering from psychosis in our country is continuously increasing. The most affected by this disease are males and the adult population. The results demonstrate the importance of early detection and targeted interventions to address the prevalence of psychosis across different population groups.
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    Factors that have impact on natural population change in Republic of North Macedonia
    (Институт за јавно здравје на Република Македонија = Institute of public health of Republic of Macedonia, 2023-12)
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    The planning of public health programmes is directly related with the demographic characteristics and the population change has long term impact on the health, health care and community interventions. The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors influencing the trend of population change in the Republic of North Macedonia. Material and methods: Data from the National Statistical Office and World Health Organization have been used. Literature review was conducted applying public health approach and descriptive method. Results: The natural population change in North Macedonia has negative trend in the last 10 years, the birth rate has declined, while the mortality is increasing. The biological factors and fertility rate have significantly influenced the birth rate, while the burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases, road injures, violence and COVID-19 are lead causes of mortality. Numerous factors indirectly affect the negative trend of population change such as the high rate of unemployment, poverty, socioeconomic and political context, migration and availability and quality of health care. Conclusion: А detailed analysis of the factors affecting the natural population change and an appropriate national response with the aim of reducing the negative trends is needed.
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    SMOKING CESSATION SUPPORT CENTERS: OPPORTUNITY TO ADDRESS THE LEADING PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGE IN MACEDONIA
    (Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 2023)
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    Vasilevska, Kristina
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    Macedonia is one of the leading countries in Europe with the highest use of tobacco, or 2540 cigarettes per person over 15 years of age, which is twice the world average. The aims of this study were to analyze and assess the organization and efficiency of the smoking cessation support centres, established as part of the Public Health Centres within the country. A descriptive study was conducted using a questionnaire designed for the purposes of this study and sent to each counselling center. A review of the reports of smoking cessation services from the official publication of the Institute of Public Health was performed. The SWOT analysis method was used for the synthesis and analysis of the data. The smoking cessation centers in Macedonia are organized and operate according to the protocol of the Institute of Public Health of the Republic of North Macedonia as the main coordinator. Since 2014, 828 smokers have used the services of the centre, which are consisted of an assessment of dependence and readiness to quit smoking, very brief advice, counseling individual or group support therapy, and pharmacotherapy provided by educated medical specialists in social medicine and public health. Additionally, the centers organize health promotion campaigns and health education programs for the general public, schools, and health professionals. There is a need to strengthen the work performance and effectiveness of the smoking cessation centers. Smoking cessation interventions should be recognized as essential health interventions covered by health insurance, and promotion of these services and referral from primary care will increase the utilization rate, which will lead to a tobacco use decline in the country.