Topuzovska, Sonja

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Концентрација на Липопротеин(а) кај пациенти со шеќерна болест
(Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian Medical Association, 2002)
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Б Б Тодорова
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Ч Димитровски
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АHNAK2 ELISA-based urinary test for bladder cancer detection and monitoring: a pilot study
(Springer, 2021-08)
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Dohchev, Sasho
Background & objectives: Non-invasive bladder cancer (BC) detection markers are urgently needed. Recent studies demonstrated that AHNAK nucleoprotein2, (AHNAK2) differentiates between cystitis and BC. We aimed to perform an ELISA urine test to compare AHNAK2 levels in BC patients with the control’s levels. Methods: Voided urine specimens were collected from 27 patients with histologically proven BC and 28 healthy controls. AHNAK2 concentrations were measured using a quantitative sandwich ELISA test, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Associations between groups and the diagnostic performance of the assay were evaluated with the Student t-test, Spearman’s Rank correlation, MannWhitney U Test, and Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Mean AHNAK2 urine levels were higher in BC patients (80.7pg/ml; Median 13.87), compared to the controls (5.19pg/ml; Median 2.25) (p<0.05). In the BC group, we found a statistically significant difference in AHNAK2 urine values between non-invasive and invasive BC patients (p<0.01). We noted a moderate positive correlation between AHNAK2 urine levels and pT status (r=0.69; p<0.05), but no correlations were found with gender, age, and histologic grade. With a cut-off value of 11.84pg/ml (Mean+SD of the control group), the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 51.85% and 85.71%, respectively. Alternatively, in a proposed cut–off value of 5.19pg/ml, the sensitivity increased to 62.96%, but the specificity declined to 67.86%. Conclusion: The measurement of AHNAK2 urine concentrations could represent an inexpensive, adjunct tool in the diagnostic evaluation of patients suspected of having BC. Future research should refine and validate these findings, which might ultimately reduce the number of unnecessary cystoscopies.
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Accreditation of medical laboratories in Republic of Macedonia
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2017)
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Kostovska, Irena
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BACKGROUND: Accreditation of medical laboratories is a mark of quality and is objective proof that a laboratory is not only competent, but safe, patient-focused, efficient and reliable. ISO/IEC 15189:2012 is a globally recognized standard that specifies requirements for quality and competence particular to medical laboratories. It is for use by medical laboratories in developing their quality management systems and assessing their competence. METHOD/RESULTS: In a non-discriminatory manner, accreditation is accessible to every client submitting an accreditation application to the national Institute for accreditation. Quality systems in and accreditation of laboratories in our country are in varying phases of development. Some laboratories have established accreditation systems; others are still in the planning phase. Obtaining accreditation is still voluntary and there is poor participation of public sector laboratories. Till October 2016, four medical laboratories have been accredited according to MKS EN ISO/IEC 17025:2006 and five medical laboratories have been accredited according to MKC EN ISO 15189:2013. All accredited laboratories participate in EQAS concerning the analytical phase. A large proportion of errors occur in the pre-analytical phase and the problem is that the most EQA organizations do not offer pre-analytical EQA schemes. The rst step in improving the quality of the preanalytical phase is to describe potential errors and to try to estimate which errors are most dangerous for the outcome of the patient. Existing pre-analytical procedures should be compared to existing recommendations and thereafter improved to minimize the risk of errors. CONCLUSIONS: Development of a national standard as a starting standard for any country is one of the logical ways of implementing and initiating an accreditation programme. The standard may differ from one country to another depending on the state of development of the quality system in health laboratories. The national standard must be aligned with the international standard. In the case of medical laboratories, the aim of accreditation to ISO 15189 shall be the final target.
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A SURVEY ABOUT THE ATTITUDE TOWARDS COVID-19 VACCINATION AMONG THE STUDENTS AT THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE – SKOPJE, REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
(Macedonian Association of Anatomists, 2021)
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The SARS-Cov-2 virus represents the most important challenge for public health worldwide. In order to prevent the spread of the virus, vaccines from different suppliers were introduced in the Republic of North Macedonia. Bearing in mind thatvaccination is not obligatory, the present survey was designed in order to evaluate the personal attitude towards vaccination among the first and second year students atthe Medical Faculty in Skopje. In total, 427 students consented for participation in the survey. Overall, 46% out of all participants considered that vaccination should be mandatory among the healthcare workers and medical students. Most of the participants, overall 75% oftotal, expressed the willingness to receive the vaccine for the sake of public health and for their own families. Fifty-three percentof the students were willing to receive the vaccine from any manufacturer in order to contribute tothe public health, but most of them have expressed their willingness to live with the restrictive measures for an unlimited time. The overall attitude towards general vaccination was highly positive (84% of all participants).We can conclude that, most of the first and secondyear students atthe Medical Faculty, have expressed their willingness to receive the vaccine against Covid-19

Topuzovska, Sonja

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