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    Vena cava filters in patients presenting with major bleeding during anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism.
    (Springer, 2019)
    Mellado M,
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    Trujillo-Santos J,
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    Bikdeli B,
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    Jiménez D,
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    Núñez MJ,
    The association between inferior vena cava filter (IVC) use and outcome in patients presenting with major bleeding during anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not been thoroughly investigated. We used the RIETE registry to compare the 30-day outcomes (death, major re-bleeding or VTE recurrences) in VTE patients who bled during the first 3 months of therapy, regarding the insertion of an IVC filter. A propensity score matched (PSM) analysis was performed to adjust for potential confounders. From January 2001 to September 2016, 1065 VTE patients had major bleeding during the first 3 months of anticoagulation (gastrointestinal 370; intracranial 124). Of these, 122 patients (11%) received an IVC filter. Patients receiving a filter restarted anticoagulation later (median, 4 vs. 2 days) and at lower doses (95 ± 52 IU/kg/day vs. 104 ± 55 of low-molecular-weight heparin) than those not receiving a filter. During the first 30 days after bleeding (after excluding 246 patients who died within the first 24 h), 283 patients (27%) died, 63 (5.9%) had non-fatal re-bleeding and 19 (1.8%) had recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE). In PSM analysis, patients receiving an IVC filter (n = 122) had a lower risk for all-cause death (HR 0.49; 95% CI 0.31-0.77) or fatal bleeding (HR 0.16; 95% CI 0.07-0.49) and a similar risk for re-bleeding (HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.23-1.40) or PE recurrences (HR 1.57; 95% CI 0.38-6.36) than those not receiving a filter (n = 429). In VTE patients experiencing major bleeding during the first 3 months, use of an IVC filter was associated with reduced mortality rates.Clinical Trial Registration NCT02832245.
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    Vitamin K Antagonists After 6 Months of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Cancer Patients with Venous Thromboembolism
    (Elsevier, 2018-04)
    Chai-Adisaksopha C
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    Iorio A
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    Crowther MA
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    de Miguel J
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    Salgado E
    Background: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is the treatment of choice in cancer patients with venous thromboembolism. However, data on continuing LMWH treatment beyond 6 months remain scanty. Methods: We used the RIETE (Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbólica) registry to compare the rate of venous thromboembolism recurrences and major bleeding appearing beyond the first 6 months of anticoagulant therapy in cancer patients with venous thromboembolism, according to therapy with LMWH or vitamin K antagonists (VKA). We performed a propensity score-matched cohort study. Results: After propensity matching, 482 cancer patients continued to receive LMWH and 482 switched to VKA. During the course of anticoagulant therapy (mean 275.5 days), 57 patients developed venous thrombosis recurrences (recurrent pulmonary embolism 26, recurrent deep vein thrombosis 29, both 2), 28 had major bleeding, 38 had nonmajor bleeding, and 129 died. No patient died of recurrent venous thrombosis, and 5 patients died of bleeding (2 were on LMWH, 3 on VKA). Patients who continued with LMWH had a similar rate of deep vein thrombosis recurrences (relative risk [RR] 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68-2.93), pulmonary embolism recurrences (RR 0.73; 95% CI, 0.34-1.58), major bleeding (RR 0.96; 95% CI, 0.51-1.79), or nonmajor bleeding (RR 1.15; 95% CI, 0.55-2.40), compared with those who switched to VKA, but a higher mortality rate (RR 1.58; 95% CI, 1.13-2.20). Conclusions: In cancer patients with venous thromboembolism who completed 6 months of LMWH therapy, switching to VKA was associated with a similar risk of venous thrombosis recurrences or bleeding when compared with patients who continued LMWH.
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    Comparative clinical prognosis of massive and non-massive pulmonary embolism: A registry-based cohort study
    (Elsevier BV, 2021-02)
    Blondon, Marc
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    Jimenez, David
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    Robert-Ebadi, Helia
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    Del Toro, Jorge
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    Lopez-Jimenez, Luciano
    Little is known about the prognosis of patients with massive pulmonary embolism (PE) and its risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared with non-massive PE, which may inform clinical decisions. Our aim was to compare the risk of recurrent VTE, bleeding, and mortality after massive and non-massive PE during anticoagulation and after its discontinuation.
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    Inflammatory markers in peripheral blood in patients with asthma
    (2020-12)
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    Dejan Todevski
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    Monika Tushevska Mitkovska
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    Nikola Chamurovski
    Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases all over the world, resulting from a state of persistent sub-acute inflammation of the airways. The main attribute of asthma is inflammation, which leads to airway remodeling, bronchial hyper-reactivity and reversible or partly reversible airway obstruction. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and inflammatory mediators play a role. (GINA). Many cells and mediators take part in creating the asthmatic inflammatory reaction, but eosinophils play a central role. All of the inflammatory cells and mediators can be detected in the airflow tissue. Some of them can be detected in the asthmatics peripheral blood too. This study includes 30 patients of the Pulmology and Allergy Clinic, Skopje, with confirmed bronchial asthma, treated with ICS. In all of the patients we followed Eo count, ECP and IL-5 in peripheral blood at the beginning of the study, after 2 and 6 months treatment. Following the parameters during treatment with ICS we registered changes in all of the tested parameters. Our conclusion is that the ICS objectively suppress the inflammatory reaction in asthma and the biologic markers (IL-5, Eo and ECP), which we have followed, can measure the accomplished effect. They could be used in every day practice, not only as diagnostic parameters but also as valid therapeutic guides in the treatment of asthma
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    Tobacco dependence
    (Macedonian Respiratory Society, 2025-04-13)
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    Todevski, Dejan
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    Tushevska Mitkovska, Monika
    Tobacco is the leading cause of premature death and disability in Europe. Each year, more than 700,000 Europeans die from tobacco-related illness. In Macedonia, 46.6% of the male and 26.8% of the female population are active smokers. These numbers ascertain Macedonia to the high place in Europe by smoking rates. There is nothing more important we can do for patients who smoke than help them stop! Doctors and health professionals must take into account that tobacco dependence is a medical condition and not a habit, vice, pleasure, or life-style choice and it must be diagnosed and treated in the same way as other chronic diseases. Most smokers are not able to stop on their own (without help). Nicotine dependence is a chronic relapsing condition and has two components: physical dependence and psychological dependence. The tenacity of nicotine addiction means that many smokers who attempt to quit will relapse. Relapse is most common within the first few weeks of quitting. The ENSP Tobacco Treatment Guidelines recommend five strategies for addressing tobacco use in clinical settings. Known as the “5As” these strategies are: Ask all patients about smoking status and document in medical record; Advise patients who smoke to quit; Assess readiness to quit; Assist with making a quit attempt, including providing behavioral counselling and prescribing first-line smoking cessation medications; and Arrange follow-up. Behavioral support (Motivational interviewing) is the keystone of tobacco dependence treatment. It is generally matched to the patient’s motivation to quit smoking also known as the patients “stage of change”. There are five stages of change. Pre-contemplation, Contemplation. Preparation, Action and Maintenance. Tobacco dependence may need persistent and repeated therapeutic interventions, as well as long- term follow-up until it is cured. In order to give our contribution to the reduction of tobacco consumption in Macedonia, we are implementing a program for education of doctors and health workers for smoking cessation. The project represents partnership between the Medical faculty in Skopje and the Henry Ford Health System from Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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    Active Smoking is Associated with Lower Dialysis Adequacy in Prevalent Dialysis Patients
    (Scientific Foundation Spiroski (publications), 2019-11-15)
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    Mladenovska, Daniela
    Dialysis adequacy measured by single pool Kt/V (spKt/V) lower than 1.2 or urea reduction rate (URR) lower than 65% is associated with a significant increase in patient mortality rate. Patients' adherence to the medical treatment is crucial to achieve recommended targets for spKt/V. Smoking is a recognized factor of non-adherence.
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    A prognostic score to identify women at increased risk for abnormal uterine bleeding during anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism,
    (Elsevier, 2023)
    Gabrielle Sarlon-Bartoli,
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    Juan Criado,
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    Saskia Middeldorp,
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    José Antonio Nieto,
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    María del Carmen Díaz-Pedroche,
    Introduction Little is known about the clinical characteristics of women at increased risk for abnormal uterine bleeding (UB) during anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods We used the RIETE registry to identify the baseline characteristics of women developing abnormal UB during anticoagulation. We used logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors for abnormal UB. Then, we built a prognostic score to identify at-risk women. Results From March 2001 through October 2022, there were 54,372 women with VTE. During anticoagulation (median, 181 days), 318 (0.6%) developed abnormal UB (major bleeding = 88, clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) = 230). On multivariable analysis, women aged <50 years, weighing >70 kg, with uterine cancer, recent UB, anemia, estrogen-related VTE, or receiving rivaroxaban or apixaban were at increased risk for abnormal UB. Using the prognostic score, 42,273 women (78%) were at low-risk, 8,828 (16%) intermediate-, and 3,271 (6.1%) at high-risk for abnormal UB. Their rates of abnormal UB were: 0.28 (95%CI: 0.23–0.35), 1.32 (95%CI: 1.07–1.61) and 7.12 (95%CI: 5.98–8.41) bleeds per 100 patient-years, respectively. The c-statistic was 0.80 (95%CI: 0.77–0.83). The rates of major UB were: 0.06 (95%CI: 0.04–0.09), 0.43 (95%CI: 0.30–0.60) and 1.85 (95%CI: 1.31–2.53) per 100 patient-years, respectively (c-statistic: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.80–0.89). The rates of CRNM uterine bleeding were: 0.21 (95%CI: 0.17–0.26), 0.85 (95%CI: 0.65–1.08), and 5.02 (95%CI: 4.09–6.10) bleeds per 100 patient-years, respectively (c-statistic: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.75–0.82). Conclusions Using 7 variables easily available at admission, we built a prognostic score that reliably identified women with VTE at increased risk for abnormal UB during anticoagulation.
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    Venous thromboembolism in radiation therapy cancer patients: Findings from the RIETE registry,.
    (Elsevier, 2017)
    Jean-Baptiste Guy,
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    Laurent Bertoletti,
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    Nicolas Magné,
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    Chloé Rancoule,
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    Ihloé Rancoule,
    Background: Cancer patients are at high risk of venous thromboembolism, particularly during cancer treatment. Conversely to chemotherapy, data on the epidemiology and clinical features of venous thromboembolism during radiation therapy are scarce. There is lack of evidence on the influence of radiation therapy (RT) on outcome in cancer patients with acute venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: We used the RIETE (Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad ThromboEmbolica) database to assess the clinical characteristics and outcome of prospectively-collected consecutive patients with cancer-associated thrombosis occurred during the course of radiation therapy for cancer. Death, venous thromboembolism recurrences and major bleeding rates during long-term follow-up according to cancer site and treatment were compared RESULTS: 9284 Patients with active cancer and VTE were enrolled in RIETE: 4605 with pulmonary embolism (PE) and 4679 with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In all, 1202 (13%) were receiving RT. This last sub-population had a higher rate of PE recurrences and a similar rate of DVT recurrences or major bleeding than those not receiving RT. Patients on RT had a higher rate of cerebral bleeding. Conclusions: In this cohort of cancer patients with VTE, a significant proportion of them received RT before VTE, the latter experienced a higher risk of cerebral bleeding.
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    Comparaison en France, en Italie et en Espagne des modalités de prise en charge de la maladie thromboembolique veineuse,
    (Elsevier, 2017)
    A. Maurizot
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    A. Bura-Rivière
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    K. Gritli
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    L. Bertoletti
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    L. Hernández-Blasco
    Background: Many national and international guidelines have been established for venous thromboembolic disease (VTE). Homogeneous management practices could be expected in the different European countries. To verify this hypothesis, we compared practices in France, Italy and Spain. Method: We used data from the international RIETE registry to compare VTE management between France, Italy and Spain. Results: From 2001 January to 2011 January, patients were consecutively included in France (n=1548), Italy (n=2083) and Spain (29,824). All patients received anticoagulant treatment. Low molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was the most frequently used drug as initial therapy in all three countries, but unfractionated heparin (UFH) was more frequently used in France and Italy than in Spain. In France, the proportion of patients receiving LMWH was lower than the proportion of patients with active cancer (cancer 22.5 %, long-term treatment with LMWH 17.4 %). A vena cava filter was significantly more frequently used in France (5.5 % in France, 3.2 % in Italy and 2 % in Spain, P<0.0001). High bleeding risk because of surgery with recent thromboembolic disease was the most frequent indication in France and Italy for vena cava filter placement (36.4 %, and 31.3 %, respectively). Conclusion: Despite the publication of national and international guidelines, VTE management differs among the three major European countries included in the RIETE registry, France, Italy and Spain.