Babinkostova, Zoja

Preferred name

Babinkostova, Zoja

Official Name

Babinkostova, Zoja

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zoja.babinkostova@medf.ukim.edu.mk

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RELATION BETWEEN FAMILY HISTORY, AGE OF ONSET, RELAPSES OF THE DISORDER AND SERUM CORTISOL, DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFAT AND THEIR RATIO IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
(University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 2022)
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Depression Intensity in Patients with Schizophrenia
(ID Design 2012, 2011)
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Background: Depressive symptoms are common in schizophrenia and they can occur during any phase of the disorder. Previous studies indicate that depression in schizophrenic patients is generally with mild or moderate intensity. Aim: We undertook this study with the aim of evaluation of the presence and intensity of the depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Material and Methods: The examined group consisted of 50 patients with schizophrenic disorder, both inpatients and outpatients treated at the University Clinic of Psychiatry, who had prominent depressive symptoms (total score >7 on 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale). The control group consisted of 50 patients with depressive disorder. Differential diagnosis was established on the basis of ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. Patients were evaluated with PANSS, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and a questionnaire for demographic and clinical data. Results: The percentage of patients with depressive symptoms among the patients with schizophrenic disorder was 54 %. Schizophrenic patients more frequently presented mild and moderate depression in comparison to the control group in which moderate and severe depression were more frequent. Conclusion: Patients with schizophrenia more frequently present mild and moderate depression.
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Depression and insomnia among students during COVID-19 pandemic - cross sectional study
(National Library of Serbia, 2023)
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Aleksovski, Boris
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Bukovetz, Jansun
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<jats:p>Introduction/Objective In the first year of COVID-19 pandemic, global prevalence of anxiety and depression increased by a massive 25%, according to the World Health Organization. Objective of the study was to determine the level of depression and insomnia among students in North Macedonia during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Cross-sectional study was performed among students at the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje during May-July of 2021. The anonymous online survey contained questions for sex, age, their opinion, and attitude to COVID-19 infection, if they had any infection/isolation and about physical activity during the pandemic. We used scales for assessment of insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index - ISI) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 - PHQ-9). Results The study was completed by 355 participants, 28.4% of them had clinically important insomnia scores and almost 47.5% of the participants presented clinically important depression scores. Female and younger participants had higher scores for both scales. A highly statistically significant, positive correlation was detected between ISI and PHQ-9 scores (? = 0.646, p = 4.05?10-43), suggesting that during the examined cross-sectional period of COVID-19 pandemics, depression and insomnia were mutually connected. Conclusions COVID-19 pandemic caused a serious impact on mental health of the population, especially on young people, girls, students, and those who live alone. Therefore, we should be prepared for support and treatment of these vulnerable groups, not only as health care services, but also as educational institutions to give support to students in terms of consultation and motivation.</jats:p>
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Depression and insomnia among students during COVID-19 pandemic - cross sectional study
(National Library of Serbia, 2023)
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Aleksovski, Boris
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Bukovetz, Jansun
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<jats:p>Introduction/Objective. In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, global prevalence of anxiety and depression increased by a massive 25%, according to the World Health Organization. The objective of the study was to determine the level of depression and insomnia among students in North Macedonia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed among students of the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje during May?July of 2021. The anonymous online survey contained questions regarding their sex, age, their opinion and attitude towards the COVID-19 infection, if they had any infection/isolation, and about physical activity during the pandemic. We used scales for assessment of insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index ? ISI) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 ? PHQ-9). Results. The study was completed by 355 participants, 28.4% of them had clinically important insomnia scores and almost 47.5% of the participants presented clinically important depression scores. Female and younger participants had higher scores for both scales. A highly statistically significant, positive correlation was detected between ISI and PHQ-9 scores (? = 0.646, p = 4.05 ? 10-43), suggesting that during the examined cross-sectional period of the COVID-19 pandemic, depression and insomnia were mutually connected. Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a serious impact on mental health of the population, especially on young people, girls, students, and those who live alone. Therefore, we should be prepared for support and treatment of these vulnerable groups, not only as health care services, but also as educational institutions, to provide support to students in terms of consultation and motivation.</jats:p>
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Using Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology Perinatal Extension II (SNAPPE II) In Neonates with Acute Kidney Injury
(ID Design 2012/Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI, 2019)
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Olivera Jordanova
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Background: Acute kidney injury is a severe clinical condition. It is common in neonates in intensive care unit. It is defined as a sudden deterioration in kidney function resulting in derangements in fluid balance, electrolytes, and waste products. The score for neonatal acute physiology perinatal extension in critically sick neonates with kidney injury is a useful tool for assessing the severity of the disease. Aim: This study aimed to determine the incidence of AKI and the role of SNAPPE 2 score in predicting mortality and morbidity of kidney injury in neonates. Methods: The study was designed as a prospective clinical investigation performed in the period of three years, which included 100 neonates (50 with AKI and 50 without AKI) hospitalised in intensive care unit of University Clinic of Children Diseases in Skopje. The severity of the illness of hospitalised newborn infants was estimated with SNAPPE 2 score realised in the first 12 hours of admission to NICU. Medical data records of admitted neonates with AKI were analysed. The material was statistically processed using methods of descriptive statistics. Results: During the study period, 770 new born's were hospitalised in the intensive care unit due to various pathological conditions and 50 new born's were selected with AKI. The control group consisted of 50 neonates with comparable associated pathological conditions, but without kidney injury. The calculated prevalence of AKI in neonates was 6.4%. Most of the involved neonates in the study in both groups (AKI and non-AKI) were born at term (64% and 54%) with a predominance of male neonates (68% and 60%). The mortality rate was significantly higher in newborns with AKI than in the control group (36% vs 24%) (p < 0.01). The mean SNAPPE 2 score value in neonates with AKI was higher than in the control group (58.72 vs 40.0), and the difference was significant (p = 0.00001). Difficult score level predominated in half (50%) of newborn infants with AKI, while median score level predominated in control group (42%). There was a significant difference between the mean score value in neonates with AKI and lethal outcome compared to neonates with AKI without lethal outcome (70.73 ± 18.6 vs 40.2 ± 16.6) (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Acute kidney injury is a life-threatening condition with still high mortality rate. The severity of the illness of hospitalised neonates in an intensive care unit is estimated by SNAPPE 2 score. Also, the risk of mortality is estimated too, taking into consideration the fact that higher values of the score are associated with higher mortality. Appropriate treatment of neonates with severe kidney injury improves the outcome and reduces the mortality of the disease.
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HYPONATREMIA IN OLANZAPINE TREATED PATIENT
(Department of Anaesthesia and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University Skopje, R.N.Macedonia, 2021-06)
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Chabukovska E
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Hyponatremia is sodium level imbalance, defined as levels below 135 mmol/l. Numerous factors may lie in its etiology and pathogenesis including psychotropic drug use, and in such cases hyponatremia is an adverse event. The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) has been reported with the use of antidepressants, antipsychotics and mood stabilizers. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms for this syndrome are still in the process of investigation. The findings so far indicate: increased secretion of ADH from hypothalamus as a result of dopamine-D2 receptor inhibition (suppression of the inhibitory effect of dopamine on ADH secretion), as well as the effect of 5-HT2 and 5-HT1C serotonin receptors which also leads to an increase in ADH levels and potentiation of its effect at the renal level. Having seen similar symptoms in SIADH and in psychiatric entities, it can cause hyponatremia to remain unrecognized in clinical practice, especially if mild and if it develops slowly. However, in some cases it may progress to severe hyponatremia which becomes an urgent condition. On the other hand, if recognized and treated in time, there is a satisfactory outcome. We report a case-report of 64-year-old woman who has been treated for a schizophrenia disorder for thirty years with good remission of symptoms by regular use of antipsychotics (orally and in depot form). The current deterioration occurred in the last five months, due to non-compliance to the treatment. During treatment hyponatremia was induced by the second generation of antipsychotic drug. In conclusion we recommend for clinicians not only to be cautious when prescribing psychotropic drugs, and to assess sodium laboratory values and clinical symptoms for all patients after initiation of antipsychotic drug as a routine clinical practice, but also to take into account differential diagnoses for presented symptoms
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ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN NEONATES AND NEUTOPHILIC GELATINOUS ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN AS EARLY BIOMARKER
(Macedonian Association of Anatomists, 2019)
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Olivera Jordanova
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Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious problem in neonates in intensive care units. It is defined as a rapid decrease in glomerular filtration that leads to retention of creatinine and nitrogenous waste products and usually with a decrease in urine output. NGAL represents the most promising biomarker for early detection of kidney injury. It can detect the kidney injury in the first 2 to 3 hours of its occurrence, even before there is a decrease in urine output and an increase in sCr. The aim of the study was to determine the role of biomarker NGAL in early detection of kidney injury in neonates. Methods. The study evaluated the neonates suffering kidney injury who at the period of three years were treated at the University Children's Hospital in Skopje. All cases of neonates with kidney injury were analyzed according to gender, gestational age, birth weight and risk factors such as asphyxia, sepsis, prematurity, meconium plug syndrome and congenital heart diseases. NGAL was analyzed in urine samples collected on two occasions (day of admission and 2 days later) and the concentration of NGAL was determined using NGAL ELISA KIT (Bioporto). Medical data records of admitted neonates with AKI were analyzed. The material was statistically processed using methods of descriptive statistics. Results. The study was carried out at the neonatal intensive care unit at the University Children's Hospital Skopje in which neonates with documented acute kidney injury were evaluated. The whole study has been performed during the 3 year period. The estimated prevalence of AKI in neonates was 6.4%. Most of the involved neonates in the study were born at term (68%) with predominance of male neonates (64%). The analyzed results showed a higher values of urinary NGAL on the day of admission (373.8 ± 194.9) and a slight upward trend, with further increase in the third day after admission (439.4 ± 254, 7). There was a significant difference between the uNGAL values and sCr values on the day of admission of neonates in NICU, p<0,001. The mean urinary NGAL values in neonates with AKI with lethal outcome were 586.39 ± 182.3 while the mean values in neonates without lethal outcome was 254.22 ± 28.5. This difference was statistically significant (p<0,001). Conclusion: Early, biomarker based identification of neonates at risk of kidney injury is a fundamental step toward AKI prevention. NGAL has ability to predict AKI before clinical signs are evident and can facilitate implementation of appropriate preventive measures and improve resource utilization. Its use allows us to make the right clinical decisions at the right time, before the illness is clinically manifest and take appropriate measures to prevent renal function decline.
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Correlation Between the Different Types of Antipsychotics and Serum Cortisol, Dehidroepiandrosterone Sulfat and their Ratio in Schizophrenia
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2022-03-01)
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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p> <jats:bold>Background</jats:bold>: Evidence for disturbances in HPA activation and abnormal HPA regulatory mechanisms in schizophrenia is accumulating.</jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:bold>Aim</jats:bold>: To compare serum levels of cortisol, DHEA-S and their ratio between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls and among patients before and after treatment with different types of antipsychotics.</jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:bold>Material and methods</jats:bold>: In this clinical prospective study, 60 patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy age and sex matched control subjects were included. All patients experienced an acute exacerbation of the illness (PANSS: P1 and P3 ≥ 4). Clinical evaluation of patients was performed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale. A questionnaire for socio-demographic and clinical data collection was used. Serum levels of cortisol, DHEA-S and their ratio were measured at baseline in all participants and after 3 and 6 weeks, respectively, of the antipsychotic treatment with different types of antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia.</jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:bold>Results</jats:bold>: Patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels in comparison to the control group. There was no significant difference in serum levels of cortisol, DHEA-S and their ratio between patients treated with different types of antipsychotics (typical/atypical). Serum levels of the analyzed hormones significantly reduce during the 6-week period of examination in both subgroups treated with different types of antipsychotics.</jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:bold>Conclusion</jats:bold>: Elevated serum cortisol and DHEA-S in schizophrenic patients might be associated with their role in the pathophysiology of the disorder. There is no significant difference in serum levels of cortisol, DHEA-S and their ratio among the patients treated with different types of antipsychotics.</jats:p>
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SCORE FOR NEONATAL ACUTE PHYSIOLOGY PERINATAL EXTENSION II (SNAPPE II) IN NEONATES WITH ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
(Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 2019)
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Timovski V
Objective: Acute kidney injury is a serious clinical problem in neonatal intensive care unit. It is defined as a sudden decrease in kidney function resulting in derangements in fluid balance, electrolytes, and waste products. SNAPPE 2 score is a useful tool for assessing the severity of the disease that correlates with neonatal mortality. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of AKI and the role of SNPPE 2 score in predicting mortality and morbidity in AKI in neonates. Materials and Methods. The study was designed as a prospective, clinical, epidemiological investigation conducted in the period of three years, which included 100 newborn infants (50 with AKI and 50 without AKI) hospitalized in NICU of University Children’s Hospital. The severity of the illness of hospitalized newborn infants was estimated with SNAPPE 2 score realized in the first 12 hours of admission in NICU. Medical data records of admitted neonates with AKI were analyzed. The material was statistically processed using methods of descriptive statistics. Results. During the study period 770 newborns were hospitalized in NICU due to various pathological conditions and 50 newborns have been selected with AKI. As the control group, 50 newborns were taken with comparable associated pathological conditions, but without kidney injury. The calculated prevalence of AKI in neonates was 6.4%. Most of involved neonates in the study in both groups (AKI and non AKI) were born at term (64% and 54%) with predominance of male (68% and 60%). The mortality rate was higher in newborns with AKI than control group (36% vs 24%). In half of newborn infants with AKI predominate severe score level, while in control group predominate median score level (42%). There is a significant difference between the mean score value in neonates with AKI and lethal outcome compared to neonates with AKI without lethal outcome (70.73 ± 18.6 vs. 40.2 ± 16.6). Conclusion: Acute kidney injury is a life threatening condition with still high mortality rate. The severity of the illness of hospitalized newborn infants in NICU is estimated by SNAPPE 2 score. The high score level is associated with the severity of the disease and higher mortality. Appropriate treatment of newborns with severe kidney injury improves the outcome and reduces the mortality of the disease.
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PSHYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS AS A RESULT OF CLOZAPINE INTOXICATION
(Macedonian Association of Anatomists, 2024)
Misheva, Aleksandra
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Sotiroski, Petar
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Babinkostova, Zoja

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