Raleva, Marija

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Raleva, Marija

Official Name

Raleva, Marija

marijaraleva@gmail.com

Now showing 1 - 10 of 10

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Depression and Resilience in Breast Cancer Patients
(ID Design 2012/DOOEL Skopje, 2015-12-15)
Ristevska-Dimitrovska, Gordana
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Stefanovski, Petar
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A significant number of breast cancer patients, during their life with the diagnosis, experience emotional distress in the form of depression and anxiety. Psychological resilience is the ability of a person to protect his/her mental health when faced with adverse circumstances such as the cancer diagnosis. This study aims to assess the resilience in breast cancer patients and to explore whether depression affects the resilience.
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Association between adverse childhood experiences and health risk behaviours such as smoking, use of alcohol and substance abuse in adolescence
(AU-CNS, 2016-08)
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Background. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) constitute a great proportion of the risk factors that predict poor health in later life. Aim. This study examined the association between ACEs and use of alcohol and illicit drugs, and recourse to smoking, as well as the role of gender in the association between ACEs and those health-harming behaviours. Methods. The study was retrospective and included 1,277 young adults that completed the survey on ACEs. Results. ACEs raised the likelihood of illicit drug use 2.2- to 4-fold, early initiation of smoking 2- to 3-fold, and smoking and alcohol use 1.5- to 2-fold. Compared with students without any ACEs, students with >3 ACEs showed a 2.2-fold probability of reporting illicit drug use, a 2-fold probability of starting to smoke early, and students with >4 ACEs were 60% more likely to be smokers. Almost the same percentage of female and male students smoked and used alcohol, male students smoked twice as much as female students and a significantly higher number of male students (11.3%) had drunk 6 drinks or more on a single occasion 3 or more times during the last month compared with 3.3% of female students. Significantly more male (7.6%) than female (3.6%) students had used illicit drugs in their lifetime and 3.5% of male versus 1.6% of female students had used illicit drugs more than 3 times in their life. Conclusions. ACEs increase the risks of smoking and substance use in students. Significantly more male students than female ones had used illicit drugs, and had smoked and drunk significantly greater quantities of cigarettes and alcohol.
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Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents and their Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study from North Macedonia
(Македонска академија на науките и уметностите, Одделение за медицински науки = Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Section of Medical Sciences/Walter de Gruyter GmbH/Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2023-03-01)
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Kunovski, Ivo
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Bolinski, Felix
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Introduction: Mental health problems have increased internationally during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adolescents and their caregivers form a vulnerable group for the development of mental health problems. However, most data stems from high-income countries, and there is a clear lack of prevalence rates and potential risk factors from Balkan countries. No data is available on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in adolescents and their caregivers in North Macedonia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents and their caregivers in a school setting in rural and urban areas of North Macedonia. Survey items assessed symptoms of depression, anxiety, and respondents' fear of COVID-19, as well as a number of risk factors, such as gender and living environment. Results: 506 adolescents and 492 caregivers completed the survey. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were mild to moderate in adolescents and their caregivers. Women and girls generally scored higher than men and boys, and adolescents in high school scored higher than those in elementary school. Prevalence rates for depression were 29.2% for adolescents and 10.4% for caregivers, while rates of anxiety were 23.7% for adolescents and 6.1% for caregivers. Conclusion: This study provides a first insight into the mental health of adolescents and their caregivers after the COVID-19 pandemic in North Macedonia. Further research is required to investigate the relatively low rates of caregivers' mental health problems compared to data from other countries.
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Evaluation of Correlation Between the Pharmacogenetic Profiles of Risperidone Treated Psychiatry Patients with Plasma and Urine Concentration of Risperidone and its Active Moiety 9-OH Risperidone Determined with Optimized Bioanalytical LC Method
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2018-12-01)
Filipce, Ana
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Nestorovska, Aleksandra Kapedanovska
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Atypical antipsychotic risperidone is widely used first-line monotherapy in schizophrenia and combined therapy in bipolar disorders. Therapeutic plasma concentrations of risperidone and its active moiety are directly influenced by genetic variations in metabolic CYP450 enzymes (CYP2D6 and CYP3A4/5) and transporter (ABCB1) protein and additional environmental factors. Since active metabolite 9-OH risperidone has a greater percentage of the pharmacologically active fraction and is equipotent to the parent drug risperidone, it is assumed that it contributes significantly to therapeutic and adverse effects. Unpredictable dose/concentration ratio, narrow therapeutic index, number of interactions, along with serious adverse reactions (ADR), raises the need for individualization of risperidone treatment and establishing of good therapeutic regime using TDM. A simple and reliable validated bioanalytical liquide-liquide extraction HPLC/UV method was applied for the simultaneous determination of risperidone and its active metabolite, 9-OH risperidone, in human plasma and urine of 52 hospitalized schizophrenia/bipolar disorder patients treated with risperidone as monotherapy and in polytherapy. All the patients were previously genotyped for CYP2D6 (EM=30, EM/IM=14, IM=4 IM/PM=1 and PM=3) and ABCB1 using Real-Time PCR methods with TaqMan SNP genotyping suitable assays according to the guidelines of the manufacturer (Life Technologies, USA).The influence of CYP2D6 phenotype on metabolic ratio MR (Ris/9-OHRis) in plasma (p=0.012) and in urine (p=0.048) was confirmed. Statistically significant correlation (R2=55.53%, Rho=0.844, p<0,0001) for MR in both plasma and urine indicates that urine may be utilized as appropriate media for initial CYP2D6 phenotype identification and selection of patients on risperidone treatment with high risk for ADR.
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Social distance and stigma towards persons with serious mental illness among medical students in five European Central Asia countries
(Elsevier BV, 2022-03)
Munir, Kerim
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Oner, Ozgur
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Kerala, Coskun
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Rustamov, Ikram
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Boztas, Hamit
The study investigated behavioral measures of social distance (i.e., desired proximity between self and others in social contexts) as an index of stigma against those with mental illness among medical students in the Republic of North Macedonia, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Poland, using the Reported and Intended Behavior Scale (RIBS), a standardized, self-administered behavioral measure based on the Star Social Distance Scale. The students' responses to standardized clinical vignettes on schizophrenia, and depression with suicidal ideation, were also assessed. A total of 257 North Macedonian (females, 31.5%; 1-4 grades, 189; 5-6 grades, 68); 268 Turkish (females, 43.3%; 1-4 grades, 90; 5-6 grades, 178); 450 Kazakh (females, 28.4%, 71.6%; 1-4 grades, 312; 5-6 grades, 138); 512 Azerbaijani (females, 24%; 1-4 grades, 468; 5-6 grades, 44; females, 24%), and 317 Polish (females, 59.0%; 1-4 grades, 208; 5-6 grades, 109) students were surveyed. The responses on the RIBS social distance behavior measures did not improve with advancing medical school grade, but students across all sites viewed schizophrenia and depression as real medical illnesses. The results support the development of enhanced range of integrated training opportunities for medical student to socially interact with persons with mental illness sharing their experiences with them.
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Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents and their Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study from North Macedonia
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2023-03-01)
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Bolinski, Felix
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The bidirectional temporal relationship between parenting stress and child maltreatment: A cross-lagged study based on intervention and cohort data
(Elsevier BV, 2024-06)
Han, Qing
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Jocson, Rosanne
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Juhari, Rumaya
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Family-focused intervention programme to foster adolescent mental health and well-being: protocol for a multicountry cluster randomised factorial trial (FLOURISH Phase 2)
(BMJ, 2025-02)
Piolanti, Antonio
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Mueller, Janina
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Waller, Franziska
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Heinrichs, Nina
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Simon, Judit
Introduction Adolescent mental health problems represent a significant global health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, such as the Republic of North Macedonia and the Republic of Moldova. Effective and scalable interventions are urgently needed to address these challenges. Methods and analysis This protocol outlines a multicountry cluster randomised factorial trial, implemented according to the multiphase optimisation strategy (Phase 2), which evaluates the effectiveness and costs of three add-on components for the Parenting for Lifelong Health for Parents and Teens programme: adolescent mental health tools based on UNICEFs Helping Adolescents Thrive comics, adolescent peer support based on UNICEFs ‘I Support My Friends’ intervention and engagement booster designed to enhance attendance and programme completion through incentives. The study will recruit 720 families and involve 64 clusters in North Macedonia and Moldova. Primary outcomes will include adolescent internalising problems and social support, family functioning and attendance during the programme. Secondary outcomes will assess broader aspects of mental health among caregivers and adolescents, as well as implementation and cost outcomes. Data will be collected at baseline and postintervention, approximately, 8 weeks later. Statistical analyses will include regression models to assess the main and interaction effects of the intervention components and cost analyses. Ethics and dissemination The study received ethical approval from the University of Klagenfurt in Austria (approval number: 2023–013), the Medical Faculty at St. Cyril and Methodius University in North Macedonia (approval number: 03-2144/4) and the National Committee of Ethical Expertise for Clinical Trials in Moldova (approval number: 1476). The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conferences, webinars in multiple languages, regional forums, stakeholder meetings with policymakers and practitioners, public communication through media engagement and open access platforms, including data sharing and early release of findings. Trial registration details Trial registration: NCT06562244 ; Project page: https://www.flourish-study.org/about.html
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Adverse event assessment in a parenting programme: experiences from a multisite randomised controlled trial
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-08-17)
Frantz, Inga
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Foran, Heather M.
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Lachman, Jamie M.
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Gardner, Frances
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McMahon, Robert J.
Background Clinicians and researchers should consider the expected benefits and potential harms of an intervention. Parenting programmes are a widely used evidence-based intervention for child behaviour problems. However, few data are available on potential negative effects. The aims of this paper were to increase systematic knowledge of adverse event (AE) assessment in parenting programmes and to provide an AE assessment tool. Methods As part of the RISE project (prevention of child mental health problems in South-eastern Europe—adapt, optimise, test and extend parenting for lifelong health), we developed and tested an AE assessment procedure in three sequential studies for parents of children with child behaviour problems aged 2 to 9 years in North Macedonia, Republic of Moldova, and Romania. This paper reports on the development of the assessment tool in phase 1 (N = 140), phase 2 (N = 835), and the final experiences with using the optimised procedures in phase 3 (multisite randomised controlled trial, N = 823) in which AEs were assessed before, three times during intervention delivery, and at 1 year follow-up. At each time point, the participants completed a 12-item AE checklist. If moderate-to-severe problems of parent or child were reported, a structured follow-up interview was conducted. Results The response rate on the AE assessment tool increased from 6% (phase 1) to 100% (phase 3) indicating improvement in collecting these data based on the experiences of each phase. Results of the RCT (phase 3) showed generally low (S)AE frequencies with the finally optimised procedure: During the intervention, no serious adverse events (SAE) were registered; at least one AE was reported by 10% (after the first session), 7% (after the third session), and 4% (after the last fifth session) of participants. None of the identified (S)AEs was causally related to the study or intervention. Cost–benefit considerations are needed to determine the best way to ensure participant safety in parenting programmes. Conclusion The applied active AE assessment procedure provides a comprehensive AE assessment tool that can be used by others—with adaptations for the specific context, if needed. Based on our experiences, we outline recommendations for future studies. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, registration number phase 1: NCT03552250; phase 2: NCT03865485, phase 3: NCT04721730. Registered on 13 January 2021.
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Six-country psychometric comparison of women responses to the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) and the Child and Adolescent Behaviour Inventory (CABI) across cultures and time
(Elsevier BV, 2025-10)
Calderón Alfaro, Francisco Antonio
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Lachman, Jamie
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Ward, Catherine L.
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Han, Qing
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Jocson, Rosanne

Raleva, Marija

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