Faculty of Architecture

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Remote sensing methodology for estimating solar potential in historic buildings- case study in Gradsko, Macedonia
(The 5th International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Historic Buildings, 2024-10)
Kire Stavrov, Strahinja Trpevski, Dimitar Papasterevski, Darko Draganovski
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Identifying Abandoned Industrial Zones in Skopje and Evaluating the Potential of Extending Their Useful Lifespan by Adaptive Reuse
(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023-12-07)
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Dimevska, Liljana
The built environment of cities can play a key role in the transition to a circular economy, especially considering the large resource consumption and waste generation of building construction. This paper explores the potential for adaptive reuse of abandoned industrial buildings through the lens of the sustainability within the context of circular economy in Skopje, North Macedonia. The adaptive reuse of vacant industrial buildings can bring environmental, social, and economic benefits by employing an urban strategy based on circular economy principles and innovative approaches. Considering the transformation of Skopje’s industrial zones through the city’s development, this paper identifies potential abandoned industrial sites in the city where the adaptive reuse of buildings, could improve environmental, social, and economic quality of the built environment. The identified abandoned industrial sites were analyzed in terms of their functional transformation and their vulnerability to current demolishing practices.</jats:p>
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The Influence of the Thermal Conduction and Detail Development Process in Architecture
(Horizon Research Publishing, 2023)
Kire Stavrov, Strahinja Trpevski, Andrijana Tasheva
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Tange Meets Potemkin in Skopje: Piles of Concrete and Styrofoam
(Ordem dos Arquitectos (Portuguese Architects Association), 2023-03)
Bajkovski, B., Rafailovska, A.
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Historic City protection vs Resilient City transformation
(2022-07)
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Andonova, Elena
The city of Skopje is a result of dialectical contradictions of diachronically different concepts of development and superimposed planning concepts of unfinished layers. The Old Bazaar represents one of the oldest urban fragments and shows a strong resilience and capacity to overcome numerous disastrous events. Unfortunately, due to the development constraints set by the preservation measures, and speculative building actions in the context, it is gradually but progressively losing its cultural identity and role as a creative socio-economic hub. Weak development policies and non-adaptive preservation regulations to changing environment and socio-economic development are urging actions to adopt new regeneration measures and appropriate approaches that could bring life into the valuable cultural heritage setting. Existing patterns emerging from the unique uses and spatiality of the Old Bazaar, as an exclusive area of commercial use and traditional urban fabric of cultural heritage, have to be preserved, but simultaneously it is important to introduce novel tools for applied creative industries and adaptive re-use of the building heritage. All efforts of appropriation of the cultural heritage area of the Old Bazaar according to the new sustainable and equitable economic opportunities, should be carefully tested and implemented in the context, in order to avoid any socio-environmental decay.
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The Architecture of The Post-Earthquake Renewal of Skopje
(Hellenic Institute of Architecture, 2019)
Ivanovska Deskova, Ana
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Deskov, Vladimir
On July 26th Skopje suffered a catastrophic earthquake; more than 1.000 victims were identified, over 3.300 people were injured, while approximately 70-80% of the total built stock was either destroyed or damaged beyond repair. The city was literally reduced to rubble. Vastly devastated, the city of Skopje was built anew under the patronage of the United Nations and with the support from more than 80 countries worldwide. As Yugoslavia was one of the leaders on the non-aligned movement, help started to “pour” into Skopje both from the East and the West. In the middle of the Cold War, at a time when the polarization between the two conflicting political blocks was at its peak, Skopje’s post-earthquake renewal process defined solidarity and cooperation as its leading principal. Soon after the earthquake, the federal government asked the United Nations for assistance; on the one hand, it was obvious that the scope and complexity of the whole endeavor was far beyond the capacities of the local planers and architects. On the other hand, it was a huge opportunity to bring together international experts (both from the East and the West) and envision a new “city for the future”.
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Rehabilitation of Mass Housing as a Contribution to Social Equality: Insights from the East-West European Academic Dialogue
(MDPI, 2022-07-02)
Milovanovic, Aleksandra
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Dragutinovic, Anica
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Nikezic, Ana
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Pottgiesser, Uta
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Stojanovski, Mihajlo
Mass housing neighbourhoods (MHN) represent the leading pattern of urban transformation and expansion in the second half of the 20th century, and accordingly evaluation, regeneration and redesign of the MHN represent a necessary and challenging task in the contemporary research context. In the practical scope of MHN rehabilitation, various holistic approaches and design strategies are identified that affirm both ecological transition and social transformation of these urban settings. However, the level of application of such approaches across Europe varies greatly, and requires research initiatives of a comparative nature that open a cross-geographical debate at the European level. Although there is a series of evidence-based studies that define the conceptual framework of MHN, i.e., large-scale housing settlements, through historical-interpretative and chronological analyses, the academic debate on practical and feasible MHN rehabilitation and their sustainable integration into the urban development of cities at European level is underdeveloped. The specific objective of this paper is to establish preliminary insights into the current level of MHN rehabilitation and to identify challenges for further actions through (1) a comparative analysis of MHN role models from the second half of 20th century, and through (2) insights from an implemented expert questionnaire. The research engages a comparative case study analysis as the primary method and analyses MHN in Germany (as a representative of Western Europe) and in the two ex-Yugoslav countries, North Macedonia and Serbia (as representatives of Eastern Europe). This research has highlighted the main obstacles and challenges for MHN rehabilitation and demonstrated the importance of a multiscale approach to MHN analysis, having in mind that through the distribution of design values at the analysed spatial levels (neighbourhood level, building level, and apartment level) the application of affirmative indicators within different design values group is recognised.
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Approaching Extracurricular Activities for Teaching and Learning on Sustainable Rehabilitation of Mass Housing: Reporting from the Arena of Architectural Higher Education
(MDPI, 2023-01-30)
Dragutinovic, Anica
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Milovanovic, Aleksandra
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Stojanovski, Mihajlo
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Damjanovska, Tea
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Đordzevic, Aleksandra
The article presents the potentials and capacities of extracurricular activities such as student workshops for strengthening existing curricula and introducing emerging specialised areas, topics, and challenges into architectural higher education. The specific objective of this study is to enhance and test different pedagogical models for learning on the sustainable rehabilitation of mass housing neighbourhoods (MHN), as a specific type of modern heritage, through innovative extracurricular teaching practices based on interdisciplinarity, flexibility, and adaptability. This research presents three student workshops focusing on the rehabilitation of mass housing neighbourhoods (MHN), involving students, academics, and professionals from the field, organised in Germany, Serbia, and North Macedonia in 2022. Moreover, it engages a comparative analysis of the learning formats and approaches developed within this discipline-specific cross-border collaboration. The study provides (1) an insight into the comparative analysis of learning capabilities and (2) the formulation of workshop models supported by diagramming of the workshop structure. The conclusion of the article summarises the findings and highlights the essential aspects for engaging student workshops, as an instrument for generating operational knowledge in the field of mass housing rehabilitation.
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Structure as a Symbol: Modernist High Rises in Skopje
(MASE - Macedonian Association of Structural Engineers, 2019)
Ivanovska Deskova, Ana
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Deskov, Vladimir
There are often periods in the development of the cities, which carry certain energy released in the space in form of waves. Over time, the traces of these cycles slowly fall into oblivion until another wave brings some of them to the surface again. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the renewed visibility of one of the forgotten and thematically least examined architectural layers of Skopje - the buildings that develop in height (high-rises, towers) – product of one of the dominant models of urbanization and development of the European cities in the second half of the 20th century. Focusing on the period of highest intensity of building, from the origins in the 1950s, all the way to the late 1980s, this work aims to perform a comprehensive study of the architecture of the “vertical city”, the conditions under which it was created, the main defining features, the qualities and values it possesses. The investigation relies upon a large research sample, encompassing more than 50 high-rise buildings dispersed on the territory of Skopje. In terms of urban layout, they form various configurations, showing different relationship of the building(s) and the immediate surrounding. In terms of use – housing, collective housing, administrative and industrial buildings were taken into consideration. In terms of architectural expression, they represent a rich selection regarding the simplicity/complexity of their spatial and volumetric structure, the architectural typology, the disaggregation of the plan, the materiality and the details applied.
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Deploying Heritage-Led Urban Regeneration: Three Cases from Skopje
(TU Delft / Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, 2020)
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Ivanovska Deskova, Ana
Like many other urban settlements located on a crossroad of important transport and trade routes, the city of Skopje faced turbulent times throughout its history. As a result of a dynamic exchange of cultures, the urban fabric contains overlapped architectural layers from different historical origins: Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman, Pre-Modern, Modern, Post-socialist… Despite the fact that the most recent, 20th century architectural layer is the most visible one, there are city fragments that carry matrices related to older historical periods. An example of this are the Old Bazaar and the Medieval Fortress. Regardless of their institutional protection, today they are facing complex challenges. They are related to their administration, quality of conservation and restoration policies, with the outdated and, at times, obsolete program they provide. The aim of this paper is to present recent efforts to introduce a sequence of contemporary, heritage-led regeneration initiatives. New acupunctural interventions have been envisaged as a part of the Horizon 2020 Project (ROCK – Regeneration and Optimization of Cultural Heritage in Creative and Knowledge Cities), involving local municipalities, the University and various stakeholders. The establishing of the Urban Living Lab in the middle of the traditional tissue of the Old Bazaar has provided a hub for various cultural activities: presentations, lectures, exhibitions, discussions among professionals and the wider audience. The project “Kale – Art Fortress” has a tendency to activate the public space between the Museum of Contemporary Art and the Medieval Fortress through a sequence of small temporary structures. The segment entitled “Lost Ambiences” virtually recreates the buildings and urban ambiences that no longer exist in the physical presence of the Old Bazaar.

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