Faculty of Architecture

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    The Importance of the Thermal Aspects in Designing Public Buildings Along with Timber Structures
    (Alanya Üniversitesi, 2021-06-06)
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    Draganovski, Darko
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    The Architecture of Public Buildings as Transformative Model Towards Sustainability
    (Scientific Research and Community Ltd, 2024-02-03)
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    Problem Statement: After the era of socialist modernism in Macedonia, the transition process of the newly independent state inevitably affected and still transforms the architectural heritage. The monumentality of modern architecture in Yugoslavia was determined by its specific typology and spaciousness. Such characteristics are becoming vulnerable while facing certain challenges between sustainability and the building's formal aspects and appearance. The reflection of these challenges can be observed through the architectural transformation based on heating demands, influenced by social, economic, and digital capitalism. In these processes, the other aspects of architectural physics are often neglected (thermal, acoustic, etc), which becomes an issue in terms of the building’s performance and sustainability, and the building's energy efficiency implementation in its entirety. The problem area of this research is the redefining approach of the architectural practice which strives toward sustainability. Moreover, there is a lack of approaches based on a joint strategy between architecture transformations and architecture physics in a holistic manner.Purpose of Study: The main aim is to understand the transformation process, from the architecture of monumentality to the architecture of segregation, where energy consumption is the driving factor and is directly related to the economy market.Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to Investigate the interrelation between the architectural transformation process and the discipline of building physics reflected in the energy efficiency strategies.Methods: The research is focused on public buildings, built in the period of social modernism in Yugoslavia, that have transformed their facade and materialization. This study investigated the reasons that drive the transformation processes. In that direction, the research method covers chronological data of the energy efficiency strategies by discussing their plans and actions and uses an analytical approach that recognizes the transformed models into sustainable architecture as evidence of the tendencies toward a sustainable economy of the built environment.Findings and Results: The expected results of the research will determine the main driving economic and social factors of the transformative processes and will elaborate on the transformed model's sustainability.Conclusions and Recommendations: The research will conclude the necessity of collaboration between architecture transformation and building physics, which indicates the architectural characteristics of sustainability.
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    Designing by participation with Giancarlo de Carlo
    (TU Delft OPEN Publishing, 2024-04-12)
    Machado e Moura, Carlos
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    Milián Bernal, Dalia
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    Restrepo Restrepo, Esteban
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    Havik, Klaske
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    Niculae, Lorin
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    Approaching Extracurricular Activities for Teaching and Learning on Sustainable Rehabilitation of Mass Housing: Reporting from the Arena of Architectural Higher Education
    (MDPI AG, 2023-01-30)
    Dragutinovic, Anica
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    Milovanovic, Aleksandra
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    Stojanovski, Mihajlo
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    Đorđevic, Aleksandra
    The article presents the potentials and capacities of extracurricular activities such as student workshops for strengthening existing curricula and introducing emerging specialised areas, topics, and challenges into architectural higher education. The specific objective of this study is to enhance and test different pedagogical models for learning on the sustainable rehabilitation of mass housing neighbourhoods (MHN), as a specific type of modern heritage, through innovative extracurricular teaching practices based on interdisciplinarity, flexibility, and adaptability. This research presents three student workshops focusing on the rehabilitation of mass housing neighbourhoods (MHN), involving students, academics, and professionals from the field, organised in Germany, Serbia, and North Macedonia in 2022. Moreover, it engages a comparative analysis of the learning formats and approaches developed within this discipline-specific cross-border collaboration. The study provides (1) an insight into the comparative analysis of learning capabilities and (2) the formulation of workshop models supported by diagramming of the workshop structure. The conclusion of the article summarises the findings and highlights the essential aspects for engaging student workshops, as an instrument for generating operational knowledge in the field of mass housing rehabilitation.
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    Rehabilitation of Mass Housing as a Contribution to Social Equality: Insights from the East-West European Academic Dialogue
    (MDPI AG, 2022-07-02)
    Milovanović, Aleksandra
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    Dragutinovic, Anica
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    Nikezić, Ana
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    Pottgiesser, Uta
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    Stojanovski, Mihajlo
    Mass housing neighbourhoods (MHN) represent the leading pattern of urban transformation and expansion in the second half of the 20th century, and accordingly evaluation, regeneration and redesign of the MHN represent a necessary and challenging task in the contemporary research context. In the practical scope of MHN rehabilitation, various holistic approaches and design strategies are identified that affirm both ecological transition and social transformation of these urban settings. However, the level of application of such approaches across Europe varies greatly, and requires research initiatives of a comparative nature that open a cross-geographical debate at the European level. Although there is a series of evidence-based studies that define the conceptual framework of MHN, i.e., large-scale housing settlements, through historical-interpretative and chronological analyses, the academic debate on practical and feasible MHN rehabilitation and their sustainable integration into the urban development of cities at European level is underdeveloped. The specific objective of this paper is to establish preliminary insights into the current level of MHN rehabilitation and to identify challenges for further actions through (1) a comparative analysis of MHN role models from the second half of 20th century, and through (2) insights from an implemented expert questionnaire. The research engages a comparative case study analysis as the primary method and analyses MHN in Germany (as a representative of Western Europe) and in the two ex-Yugoslav countries, North Macedonia and Serbia (as representatives of Eastern Europe). This research has highlighted the main obstacles and challenges for MHN rehabilitation and demonstrated the importance of a multiscale approach to MHN analysis, having in mind that through the distribution of design values at the analysed spatial levels (neighbourhood level, building level, and apartment level) the application of affirmative indicators within different design values group is recognised.
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    Public Participation in Question: Urban Planning Frameworks and Informal Practices in Skopje
    (Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), 2026-02-19)
    Dokuzova, Milka
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    Veljanoski, Pavel
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    Kosanović, Saja
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    Understanding Public Space Dynamics in Mass Housing Neighborhoods: the Case of Kapishtec, Skopje
    (Department of Urban Planning and Design Faculty of Architecture , Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2025-12)
    Rafailovska, Ana
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    Andonova, Elena
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    Benkő, Melinda
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    Designing by participation with Giancarlo de Carlo
    (TU Delft OPEN Publishing, 2023-04)
    Rafailovska, Ana
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    Bajkovski, Blagoja
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    Machado e Moura, Carlos
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    Milián Bernal, Dalia
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    Adapting Settlements to Climate Change: Transforming Former Industrial Areas Along Rivers in Germany into Resilient Mixed-Use Real Estate
    (Inštitut za nepremičninske vede, Ukmarjeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, 2024)
    Climate change poses numerous threats in urban areas, such as heatwaves, reduced air quality, ecosystem disturbance, etc. For city areas located along rivers there is an increased risk of more frequent and intense flooding. Various riverside industrial zones in German cities were redeveloped into mixed-use areas in the post-industrial era. Therefore, this paper investigates the challenges faced by these new settlements, such as flood management, ecosystem protection, water pollution reduction, provision of public spaces, enhancement of urban aesthetics, and their connection to the real estate market on the local level. For research purposes, three projects from the German context are elaborated: Hamburg (HafenCity project), Heilbronn (Neckarbogen project), and Basel-Huningue-Weil am Rhein (3Land project). This qualitative research applies a case study approach to analyze historical documents, scientific literature, planning documents, and urban and architectural projects, thus identifying correlations among historical, spatial, social, and economic factors that influenced these redevelopments. To collect context-specific data, case study visits were conducted. Findings indicate that flood and social resilience are issues addressed in riverbank settlements through multifunctional public space design. Equal efforts are made in architectural innovation in the design of the buildings, which is highly important when adapting settlements to climate change effectively. A significant contribution is the improvement of connection of the redeveloped areas to the broader urban fabric of the respective cities. Furthermore, the newly redeveloped areas play an important role in improving the city's overall image while successfully integrating elements of its industrial heritage. Finally, this research develops valuable recommendations for policymakers, urban planners, and stakeholders involved in the development of real estate in riverside areas.
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    Deciding on the Measures Implementation for Riverfront Flood Resilience: Actor Mapping and Network Analysis
    (Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 2025)
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    Stefan Lazarevski
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    Elena Andonova
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    Riverfront redevelopments pose significant challenges in achieving effective flood resilience. The success of riverfront design relies on a strategic combination of measures. Levees, floodwalls, and drainage systems are known as structural measures and help mitigate immediate flood risks, while non-structural approaches, such as land-use planning, policy frameworks, and community engagement, focus on offering long-term, adaptive strategies. Over the past three decades, developments in Hamburg, Germany, have integrated structural and non-structural measures into their flood management strategies. Even though there are exemplary models of effective riverfront design in Germany, there is a lack of research regarding the specific design decisions that contribute to their success. Additionally, the roles and influences of human and non-human actors in shaping flood-resilient designs are insufficiently researched. This paper investigates the actors involved in the implementation of either structural or non-structural interven tions for flood resilience in the riverfront redevelopment in HafenCity in Hamburg. Using actor mapping and visual network analysis, the research identifies key human and non-human actors involved in the process. Furthermore, the mapping examined their influence on decision-making in the redevelopment of the riverfront. Actor mapping and visual network analysis provide valuable insights into the strength and type of relationships that shape the development and implementation of flood resilience strategies. Data planning documents, project documentation, and regulatory frameworks was used to construct an actor-network map. The analysis points out that HafenCity’s flood strategy relies on a three-part core: the City of Hamburg, which sets the rules; HafenCity Hamburg GmbH enforces the rules in every land sale; and the Warft (elevated ground) model that translates law into concrete defence works. This paper provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the interplay of actors that influence the use of structural or non-structural measures for flood resilience in riverfront redevelopment in HafenCity.