Faculty of Civil Engineering

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Methodology for risk assessment at existing hydrotechnical tunnels
(2021-10)
Gacevski Vasko
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Nedevska Ivona
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Lazarevska Marijana
;
Zafirovski Zlatko
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Procedures for risk analysis and management in tunnelling projects
(EDP Sciences - Web of Conferences, 2019-12)
Zafirovski Zlatko
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Gacevski Vasko
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Lazarevska Marijana
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Ognjenovic Slobodan
The concept of risk analysis and management has a big impact and application in various branches of society. Today in civil engineering, especially in infrastructure projects this concept represents a serious matter that should not be avoided or delayed. There are different approaches and definitions for a risk, but it is important every problem to be reviewed separately. In tunneling the uncertainties and risks are always present, so appropriate measures and management should be considered and implemented.
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RANKING OF TOTAL TIME RESERVES FOR DETERMINATION OF THE CRITICAL PATH IN FUZZY NETWORK PLAN
(UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, 2024-03)
Lazarevska Marijana
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Gacevski Vasko
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Zafirovski Zlatko
The Critical Path Method, as a method of network planning, is used in the process of planning and control of complex projects from various fields. For their successful implementation, a clear determination of the duration of each project activity is necessary. However, in construction sector it is very difficult to fulfill this requirement, because the realization of many activities is accompanied by a certain degree of uncertainty and risk. Since construction projects are characterized by uniqueness and unrepeatability, there are often no available historical data for a clear and precise determination of the duration of project activities. Given that, the duration should be predicted by expert and experienced persons, who, in the conditions of unique influencing factors and facing many inaccuracies, should define their decisions during the whole process of project management. Due to the shortcomings of classical planning methods, related to the calculation of the duration of project activities, which does not offer the possibility of modeling complex construction projects, there was a real need for the definition and implementation of new concepts of planning. As an alternative way to model uncertainty and risk, the fuzzy concept was introduced in the planning process, with which the durations of project activities are presented through fuzzy numbers. This fundamental approach, which is based on the application of fuzzy theory, enables advanced and successful modelling of real situations and projects, which overcomes the shortcomings characteristic of classical planning methods. This paper gives an overview of one practical example of application of fuzzy logic in the planning process. One method of ranking fuzzy numbers has been applied for calculation of the earliest and the latest fuzzy time of project activities, and the total time reserves, in order to determine the critical path in fuzzy network diagrams.
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APPLICATION OF PRECEDENCE DIAGRAMMING FOR PLANNING OF A LOCAL ROAD RECONSTRUCTION
(UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, 2024-03)
Lazarevska Marijana
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Gacevski Vasko
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Zafirovski Zlatko
Planning is essentially a way of mentally presenting projects in the future, and it is implemented through the creation of models (graphical, mathematical, etc.) through which the behaviour of the future real project is simulated in a changing environment. It implies the implementation of analyses with included risk and uncertainty for correct decision-making during the implementation of projects. In modern construction, the realization of any more serious project cannot be imagined without the application of quality planning and management methods. Network models are an example of the most commonly used methods for planning of the implementation of complex and longterm projects. The most commonly used network models in construction are: Critical Path Method (CPM) and the PERT method (Project Evaluation and Review Technique). They are used for analysis of the project time duration, cost and resources. Both methods use a graphical representation of the project through an appropriately oriented network model composed of basic elements such as: activities, events, durations, costs, resources etc. This paper gives an example of the application of Precedence diagramming for planning of a local road reconstruction, as an easy approach for determination of the total time duration of the project that gives a clear overview of the technology of construction in accordance with the general and specific conditions of the project and its environment.
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ROAD SAFETY INSPECTION IN THE FUNCTION OF DETERMINING UNSAFE ROAD LOCATIONS
(UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, 2024-03)
Ristov Riste
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Ognjenovic Slobodan
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Zafirovski Zlatko
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Gacevski Vasko
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Nedevska Ivona
A road safety inspection (RSI) is a systematic and independent assessment of the parameters of road safety projects with the aim of preventing traffic accidents and creating safer roads for all road users. It covers all road users, not only car drivers, but also pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, trucks, buses and public transport vehicles, and considers all road safety stakeholders (road users, road maintenance, vehicle , weather conditions, etc.). Using the RSI procedure and analyzing the current state of traffic safety on the section of the regional road R1106 (from the intersection with Boris Trajkovski Blvd. to the intersection for the local road to the Church of St. Dimitrija), as well as the AADT data, conducted traffic accidents, and the previously performed inspection with a implemented project to increase traffic safety, it can be seen that the situation is not at a satisfactory level. It is necessary to take measures that will contribute to the improvement and increase of safety, taking into account all the influential risks included in the two subcategories: objective - which are related to the objective factors (environment) and subjective - which are conditioned by the individual ability, properties, characteristics, motivation, understandings, attitudes and prejudices of the person. The obtained results are compared with the initially carried out inspection of the road to increase safety and the effects of the already carried out reconstruction to improve traffic safety, which was carried out in 2014. Based on this analysis and comparison, dangerous locations will be detected, i.e. reasons why they are unsafe, and conclusions and recommendations will be made that can serve as a direction for improving the safety of other road sections.
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STABILITY ANALYSIS OF PORTALS IN TUNNELS
(UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, 2024-03)
Zafirovski Zlatko
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Cvetkovski Pero
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Gacevski Vasko
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Nedevska Ivona
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Ristov Riste
At this paper will be reviewed stabilization and rehabilitation of cuts and portals of railway tunnel. Usually, tunnels are performed in rock areas and there is always need from stabilization and temporary protection during performing and its use. Tunnel's cuts are located at the entrances and exits of the and stabilization but as most common method is with galvanized wire mesh, shotcrete and barriers. During every construction works appears changes in some parts of rocks massive and new deformations. In order to avoid appearance of deformations, in slopes anchors need to be installed. Installation of geotechnical anchors is method with drilling, insertion of anchors and injection. In that way the stabilization of the slope is achieved, where anchors help the rock massive to keep his load. Anchors with pulling force transmit the force in health rock mass. Anchors can be used and with other types of protection for better and longer stabilization of slopes. In this paper will be reviewed stabilization of cuts and portals of tunnel in Republic of Croatia, which had need of stabilization. The process consists of making design (schemes) for stabilization, and then checking and verifying the solutions with software analysis and directly on site. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of stabilization of slopes and of portals too. In Republic of North Macedonia, the use of protective measures is still low, but it should be increased especially in the area of transport infrastructure.
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Application of failure mode and effect analysis for tunnel risk assessment
(Macedonian association for geotechnics, 2022-06)
Zafirovski Zlatko
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Gacevski Vasko
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Lazarevska Marijana
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Nedevska Ivona
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Ognjenovic Slobodan
Modern tunnel engineering is a complex task. From planning, design to construction, tunnels represent great challenge for the engineers and everyone involved in the projects. Nowadays the „classic“ approach in design and tunnel construction alone, is not adequate for the intense and demanding tunneling projects. With greater dimension, complexed locations and geological conditions, modern tunnel engineering initiates greater risks. These risks generally can be associated with financial and time loss and in some worse cases with human injuries and losses. For better understanding and dealing with the hazards and risks, they should be assessed in a separate part of the project. The paper shows how the failure mode and effects analysis can be used for tunnel risk assessment. This type of approach represents a semi-quantitative risk analysis that identifies the parts of a project (uncertainties and hazards), which need greater attention or change. The presented assessment is an application of modified failure mode and effect analysis using information from the design phase, for predicting potential risks in the construction process. The results from the analyzed road tunnel show the advantages and disadvantages of this approach and how it can be used in tunneling.
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ДРЖАВЕН ПАТ А3 ОБИКОЛНИЦА НА РЕСЕН
(Macedonian Association of Road Engineers „Via Vita“, 2022-11)
Ristov Riste
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Gacevski Vasko
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Nedevska Ivona
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Ognjenovic Slobodan
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Zafirovski Zlatko
Експресните патишта претставуваат посебен предизвик за проектирање и градење бидејќи истите подлежат на највисоките стаданрди за реализација како и автопатиштата. Со моменталната експанзија на патната инфраструктура во Република Северна Македонија е дефинирана потреба за проектирање на нова патна секција на локација каде претходно имало голем сообраќаен застој поради навлегување во урбана средина. Секцијата која е опфатена претставува дел од магистралниот пат А3 кој започнува од крстосница Требениште (спој со А2) и завршува до граничен премин Делчево. Оваа обиколница ќе понуди побрзо, побезбедно и поудобно транзитирање. Со самото тоа, се подига безбедноста и удобноста при патувањето, како и растоварување на локалното населениe од транзитниот сообраќај, внатре во општината. Во овој труд се претставени каректеристики при проектирање на обиколницата Ресен, која се води како експресен пат и прва фаза од идното автопатско решение во овој југозападен дел од нашата држава.
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ROAD INFLUENCE on THE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
(University of Montenegro, 2020)
Zafirovski Zlatko
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Ognjenovic Slobodan
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Nedevska Ivona
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Gacevski Vasko
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AN APPROACH FOR RAILWAY PROJECT MANAGEMENT
(Department of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad, 2023-11)
Zafirovski Zlatko
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Nedevska Ivona
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Gacevski Vasko
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Ristov Riste
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Ognjenovic Slobodan
This paper aims to solve this problem, which has recently become more common in railway projects. The key is in a planned approach and organization from the beginning of the project, which the candidate considers by elaborating a Methodology for the construction of the site in the form of a document. This methodology solves all the above and helps lead the project from its beginning to the end with a positive result. The scope of the methodology for the construction of a facility includes several scientific disciplines directly related to the realization of the facility, such as law, economics, ecology, quality management, construction, etc. Therefore, it should cover all matters in these areas and provide solutions and courses of action at the beginning and in the development phase of the site to adapt to possible needs and to be finalized. The conclusion is that the application of such a Methodology for the construction of the site is necessary, or it could be freely said that it is mandatory.

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