Faculty of Philosophy

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    THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN SUPPORTING STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
    (Faculty of Philosophy, Skopje, 2025-12-26)
    Ikonomoska Nechakovska, Angela
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    This paper examines the role of parents in supporting student engagement in digital learning environments. It analyzes how parental involvement, digital competence, and home–school communication influence students’ behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement in online and hybrid learning. The study highlights thatparents increasingly serve as facilitators of technology use, mediators between teachers and students, and organizers of the home learning environment. Their ability to provide technological guidance, structure daily learning routines, and offer emotional and motivational support significantly enhances students’ participation, focus, and learning outcomes in digital settings. Insights from contemporary research and experiences in North Macedonia indicate that parental involvement has become a crucial component of effective digital education. The paper emphasizes the need for educational institutions to strengthen collaboration with families and develop strategies that empower parents to engage confidently and effectively in their children’s digital learning.
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    The Use of Focus Groups in Social Research: Methodological Issues
    (ISRES Publishing, 2025)
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    Galevska, Elena
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    Methodological Challenges in Assessing the Quality of Inclusive Education
    (ISRES Publishing, 2025)
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    Vasilevska- Petrovska, Ivana
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    Life of the persons with disabilities in the republic of n. Macedonia - challenges they face from birth to old age
    (State University of Tetovo, 2023)
    The theoretical framework for studying the life course of persons with disabilities through the prism of the social model is characterized by two basic approaches. On the one hand, we can conceptualize the life course in terms of individual biographies and unique life experiences. On the other hand, we can imagine the life course more generally, as a kind of generation system that functions on the macro level in societies, based on the common cultural rules and structural boundaries that define what a "normal life" should be. In this sense, the life course approach helps us understand how societies organize life transitions in an institutionalized or structured way. From the perspective of a social model, the value of this approach lies in the possibility of determining the existing challenges and barriers to determine the different impacts of disabling barriers and social meanings attributed to disability in different generational periods: childhood, youth, adulthood, and old age. The main goal of this study was to determine the most frequent challenges and obstacles faced by persons with disabilities and their families in their everyday lives in the Republic of North Macedonia. The research is analytical, retrospective, and qualitative, correlating the situation in our country with countries around the world through the analysis of documentation: strategic and political documents, laws, scientific research, and project activities. Although efforts have been made in the Republic of North Macedonia for decades to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities, the number of barriers they face from birth to old age is large in every domain. Collective work and cooperation among individuals are fundamental to the establishment of interpersonal relations and bonds, the creation and functioning of organizations, and the development of society.
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    EVIDENCE-BASED AND INTELLIGENCE-LED POLICING IN SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS CONTROL IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA – A Review of the National strategy for SALW control in accordance with the National action plan 2022–2024
    (Филозофски факултет, 2025-12)
    Leta M. Bardjieva
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    Dimitriev Emil
    The purpose of this paper is to present the efforts and commitment of the Republic of North Macedonia in the joint contribution toward peace and security, as stated in the Sofia Declaration from 2018 and the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, specifically in relation to the 16th of the sustainable development goals committed to peace, justice and strong institutions. The paper elaborates the prescribed activities for control of small arms and light weapons (SALW), emphasising the Action plan from the National Strategy for Small Arms and Light Weapons control of the Republic of North Macedonia 2022–2024, with the method of qualitative and quantitative review of the Goal 2 of the Strategy regarding the evidence-based and intelligence led policies and practices for SALW control. The findings in this paper emphasize the observations of the declarative efforts, in particular in sub-goals 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 of the same Strategy, referring to their operationalization. Through analysis of the implementation of relevant legislation and institutional practices for the prevention of the misuse of SALW, monitoring of crime related to SALW, improving national capacities and institutionalizing the analysis of firearms data with the introduction of the mandatory operational information framework, providing exchange of operational and strategic information, data, intelligence products, as well as evidence material, conduction of impact studies and operationalization and linkage with the national contact weapons point, thereby contributing to enhanced stability, security and development in Southeast and Eastern Europe. The limitations of this paper are the lack of nationally available data for the successfulness of the implementation of the Strategy
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    Application of occupational therapy in children with disabilities
    (Akademija za humani razvoj, Beograd, Republika Srbija, 2024-11-28)
    Occupational therapy is a specific discipline within the broader spectrum of special education and rehabilitation services. Although there may be some overlap in populations served and therapeutic approaches, each, occupational therapy and special education and rehabilitation, play a crucial role in supporting individuals with disabilities to lead more fulfilling lives. Occupational therapy for children with disabilities is based on an understanding of the interaction between children, their activities and the environment, and therefore, when assessing abilities, the starting point is to see whether limitations are the result of external barriers and limitations or are primarily related to developmental ability and functional status. The growth of a child into an adult person involves continuous adaptation to the demands set by the environment and assimilation of opportunities, and this dynamic interaction is even more complex in children born with a risk factor or a certain type of disability. So occupational therapy can be a huge benefit for children with disabilities, as an effective way to help these kids perform meaningful activities and enrich their lives. This study employs a systematic literature review methodology to explore the application of occupational therapy (OT) in children with special needs. A systematic approach ensures a comprehensive and unbiased synthesis of existing literature to identify key themes, interventions, and effectiveness in pediatric occupational therapy. Occupational therapy (OT) plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life for children with special needs by enhancing their independence, functional abilities, and overall well-being. Through individualized interventions, OT helps children develop essential motor, cognitive, sensory and social skills, enabling them to participate in daily activities at home, school and in the community.
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    Visual Impairment in School-Aged Children
    (2024)
    Tateshi, E.
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    Ameti, M.
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    Illazi, A.
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    Tateshi, B.
    Purpose: Many eye disorders develop during childhood but are often not diagnosed early enough, which can negatively impact a child’s academic performance and lead to serious visionproblems later in life. This study aims to identify the primary causes of vision impairment in children and emphasize the importance of early intervention.Methodology: The study is retrospective and includes an analysis of data on children up to 12 yearsold who were examined at the University Clinic of Ophthalmology in Skopje in 2023. A total of 15,039 children were diagnosed with some form of eye condition during this period.Results: In 2023, strabismus was identified as the most common cause of visionimpairment among the examined children, accounting for 56.9% of cases (8,555 children), followed by refractive errors, which affected 41.6% (6,258 cases). A smaller number of children were diagnosed with infantile and juvenile cataract, representing 0.7% of cases (111 children), and congenital malformations of the lens of the eye, found in 0.5% (69 cases).Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of targeted screening programs to detect vision impairments early in childhood, as conditions like strabismus and refractive errors account for most cases. Although less common, conditions such as amblyopia and congenital cataracts also require attention due to their potential long-term impact on visual development if left untreated. Implementing timely interventions and improving access to eye care services are essential steps toward enhancing visual health outcomes for children and supporting their academic and social development.
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    Family Quality of Life: Parents of Children With Disabilities
    (University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 2024)
    In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on researching quality of life,particularly within families that include members with disabilities. Family Quality ofLife (FQOL) has gained prominence in special education as researchers seek to understandand improve the well-being of these families. This study aims to present findingson the quality of life of parents raising children with disabilities.Using a quantitative research approach and the validated BCFQOL tool, wesurveyed 205 parents. The results were unexpectedly positive, showing generally higherlevels of quality of life among participants. However, challenges were identified in specificdimensions such as “Emotional well-being,” and “Material well-being”.
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    Common Causes of Visual Impairment in Children: Literature View
    (University of Tetova, 2025-09-22)
    Tateshi, Ermira
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    Objective: This review aims to identify and analyze the most prevalent causes of vision impairment in children, focusing on the prevalence of each condition and recommended strategies for prevention and early intervention to mitigate developmental impacts. Methodology: A PRISMA-based systematic review was conducted, analyzing data from eight studies published over the last 10 years. The review involved searches in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, using the search algorithm (“low vision” OR “visual impairment”) AND cause AND child. Results: Refractive errors were the most common cause of visual impairment in children, accounting for 38.6% to 86.6% of cases. The second most prevalent cause was congenital cataracts, contributing to 39.1% of cases. Other region-specific causes included albinism and neonatal conditions, as well as cortical visual impairment and retinopathy of prematurity. Conclusion: The literature indicates that refractive errors and cataracts are the leading causes of childhood visual impairment, with distinct regional differences underscoring the need for both universal and targeted strategies, including regular screenings, public health education, and enhanced access to treatment.