Faculty of Philosophy

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Cancer prevention and screening for people with intellectual disabilities in Europe: a systematic review and recommendations for policy and practice
(Frontiers Media SA, 2026-08-20)
Vukovic, Vladimir
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Knapp, Peter
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Sykes, Kate
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Denny, Margaret
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Kowalczyk, Oliwia
Introduction People with intellectual disability experience inequalities across the cancer care continuum, including lower screening participation, later-stage diagnosis, and higher cancer related mortality. Whether European cancer prevention and screening policies explicitly address this population has not been systematically mapped. Methods This review aimed to identify and synthesise European national and international policy frameworks, guidelines, and recommendations for cancer prevention and screening that address this population. A systematic search of policy, recommendation and guideline documents across academic databases, grey literature portals, and organisational sources, to August 2025 was under taken. The Population, Concept, Context (PCC) framework guided eligibility. Two reviewers per country screened, extracted, and appraised documents indepen dently using the Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance (AACODS) checklist. Synthesis was narrative, stratified by cancer site and cancer control focus. Results Sixteen documents met the inclusion criteria, originating from five jurisdictions: the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, and the European Union more broadly. Fifteen of the sixteen addressed cancer screen ing, one also addressed prevention, and two addressed clinical monitoring. Adjustments for people with intellectual disability were concentrated on breast, cervical, and bowel screening and grouped into accessible information, appoint ment adaptations, carer involvement, consent and capacity support, and work force training. Most documents originated from higher expenditure healthcare systems, and no eligible documents were retrieved from the majority of European Union member states. Discussion Policy guidance for cancer prevention and screening for people with intellectual disability is unevenly distributed across Europe and con centrated in a small group of countries. Existing guidance should be extended beyond screening to encompass prevention, treatment, and survivorship, and EU coordination may help address this gap.
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The Programmatic Framework of Initial Reading, Writing, and Language Instruction within the Subject Macedonian Language
(ISRES Publishing, 2026-06-30)
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Trajkovska, Martina
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A Brief History of Sexuality: Periodisation of the Origins of Sexual Taboos and Norms in Eastern and Western Cultures
(National Documentation Centre (EKT), 2026-06-30)
This paper examines the historical periodisation of sexuality and the development of sexual taboos in Eastern and Western cultures. Through an analysis of archaeological, mythological, religious, and anthropological sources, it demonstrates that sexuality is a culturally constructed, rather than a universal, phenomenon. Eastern traditions have generally treated sexuality as a natural and spiritual force, whereas Western thought – influenced by Greek dualism and Judeo-Christian norms – developed a repressive discourse regarding the body and sexual practices. Particular attention is paid to same-sex relations in Ancient Greece, the development of the incest taboo, and historical shifts in the normative structures regarding female sexuality. The analysis indicates that sexual norms and taboos are historically variable and strictly correlated with religion, political systems, and social power.
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A MULTIDIMENSIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR PSYCHOMOTOR REHABILITATION AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
(University St. Kliment Ohridski - Bitola, 2026-05-07)
Arsovski, Denis
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Zhivkovikj, Gabriel
This research used an interdisciplinary model that integrates psychomotor rehabilitation with inclusive education for students with cerebral palsy. The research revealed the need for individualized, specific rehabilitation that supports functional independence and active participation in learning environments. A case study design was used including a nine-year-old girl with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy attending a regular school. Standardized instruments such as the Gross motor function classification system, Manual ability classification system, Modified Ashworth scale, and Pediatric evaluation of disability inventory were used. Cognitive, communicative, social and emotional functioning were assessed through classroom observations, evaluations, and interviews. The results showed moderate motor limitations and dysarthric speech but preserved visual perception, motivation, and symbolic understanding. Environmental and systemic barriers such as fragmented rehabilitation services and insufficient interprofessional collaboration limited her progress. The results clarify the relevance of coordinated, family-centered intervention integrating rehabilitation, education, and social support to improve inclusion and general development in children with cerebral palsy.
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THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN SUPPORTING STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
(Faculty of Philosophy, Skopje, 2025-12-26)
Ikonomoska Nechakovska, Angela
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This paper examines the role of parents in supporting student engagement in digital learning environments. It analyzes how parental involvement, digital competence, and home–school communication influence students’ behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement in online and hybrid learning. The study highlights thatparents increasingly serve as facilitators of technology use, mediators between teachers and students, and organizers of the home learning environment. Their ability to provide technological guidance, structure daily learning routines, and offer emotional and motivational support significantly enhances students’ participation, focus, and learning outcomes in digital settings. Insights from contemporary research and experiences in North Macedonia indicate that parental involvement has become a crucial component of effective digital education. The paper emphasizes the need for educational institutions to strengthen collaboration with families and develop strategies that empower parents to engage confidently and effectively in their children’s digital learning.
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The Use of Focus Groups in Social Research: Methodological Issues
(ISRES Publishing, 2025)
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Galevska, Elena
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Methodological Challenges in Assessing the Quality of Inclusive Education
(ISRES Publishing, 2025)
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Vasilevska- Petrovska, Ivana
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Personal Data Protection in the Academic Environment: Regulations, Challenges, and Practices
(Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje, 2025)
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Life of the persons with disabilities in the republic of n. Macedonia - challenges they face from birth to old age
(State University of Tetovo, 2023)
The theoretical framework for studying the life course of persons with disabilities through the prism of the social model is characterized by two basic approaches. On the one hand, we can conceptualize the life course in terms of individual biographies and unique life experiences. On the other hand, we can imagine the life course more generally, as a kind of generation system that functions on the macro level in societies, based on the common cultural rules and structural boundaries that define what a "normal life" should be. In this sense, the life course approach helps us understand how societies organize life transitions in an institutionalized or structured way. From the perspective of a social model, the value of this approach lies in the possibility of determining the existing challenges and barriers to determine the different impacts of disabling barriers and social meanings attributed to disability in different generational periods: childhood, youth, adulthood, and old age. The main goal of this study was to determine the most frequent challenges and obstacles faced by persons with disabilities and their families in their everyday lives in the Republic of North Macedonia. The research is analytical, retrospective, and qualitative, correlating the situation in our country with countries around the world through the analysis of documentation: strategic and political documents, laws, scientific research, and project activities. Although efforts have been made in the Republic of North Macedonia for decades to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities, the number of barriers they face from birth to old age is large in every domain. Collective work and cooperation among individuals are fundamental to the establishment of interpersonal relations and bonds, the creation and functioning of organizations, and the development of society.
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EVIDENCE-BASED AND INTELLIGENCE-LED POLICING IN SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS CONTROL IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA – A Review of the National strategy for SALW control in accordance with the National action plan 2022–2024
(Филозофски факултет, 2025-12)
Leta M. Bardjieva
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Dimitriev Emil
The purpose of this paper is to present the efforts and commitment of the Republic of North Macedonia in the joint contribution toward peace and security, as stated in the Sofia Declaration from 2018 and the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, specifically in relation to the 16th of the sustainable development goals committed to peace, justice and strong institutions. The paper elaborates the prescribed activities for control of small arms and light weapons (SALW), emphasising the Action plan from the National Strategy for Small Arms and Light Weapons control of the Republic of North Macedonia 2022–2024, with the method of qualitative and quantitative review of the Goal 2 of the Strategy regarding the evidence-based and intelligence led policies and practices for SALW control. The findings in this paper emphasize the observations of the declarative efforts, in particular in sub-goals 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 of the same Strategy, referring to their operationalization. Through analysis of the implementation of relevant legislation and institutional practices for the prevention of the misuse of SALW, monitoring of crime related to SALW, improving national capacities and institutionalizing the analysis of firearms data with the introduction of the mandatory operational information framework, providing exchange of operational and strategic information, data, intelligence products, as well as evidence material, conduction of impact studies and operationalization and linkage with the national contact weapons point, thereby contributing to enhanced stability, security and development in Southeast and Eastern Europe. The limitations of this paper are the lack of nationally available data for the successfulness of the implementation of the Strategy

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