The psychiatric complications and adaptation disorders observed in patients with chronic renal- failure under maintenance hemodialysis are reviewed. The main psychiatric complications are depressive states, while special adaptation troubles are lack of compliance with food and water restriction and „ relations with their spouses or the medical staff charged with hemodialysis. The mechanisms of some disorders are analysed and emphasise is placed on the usefulness of psychiatric and/or psychological assistance not only for the patient but also to his spouse or the medical staff.
