Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

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Analysis of entrepreneurial competences among primary school students in north Macedonia using Entrecomp model
(IATED, 2020-11)
Liljana Polenakovikj
;
D. Petrovski
;
Radmil Polenakovikj
;
Ivana Stankovska
;
Trajce Velkovski
Number of countries embraced entrepreneurship education as one of the drivers to more competitive and open economy. There are different approaches of implementation of this type of education in formal and non-formal educational systems worldwide. There have been sporadic attempts towards promotion of entrepreneurship education and implementation of entrepreneurial learning activities within the country since 2000. In 2014, North Macedonia adopted national strategy for entrepreneurial learning and since 2016, the Government has introduced courses of Innovation in 9th grade of primary education, and courses of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in 1st, 2nd and 3rd year of secondary schools in the formal educational system. In 4th year of secondary schools, the course name is Business and Entrepreneurship and has been available since 2012. The main output from the entrepreneurship education is producing students who are equipped with entrepreneurial competences, innovative thinking and proactive mind-set. In this paper, authors analysed the level of development of entrepreneurial competences among students of 9th grade of primary education (~ 14 years old). A survey with more than 1800 students (8% of total population of students in 9th grade) and over 55 teachers was conducted in the period May – June 2020. Students and teachers expressed their views about the level of development of the 15 entrepreneurial competences on Likert scale, according to the model of EntreComp (Bacigalupo et al. 2016). The entrepreneurial pedagogy that was in usage, was examined in the correlation with the level of developed entrepreneurial competences. Recommendations for improving of the teaching process will be submitted to the Government and the educational authorities
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Identification of safety indicators in the manufacturing industry in Republic of North Macedonia and their impact on the occupational injury lost time
(Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, 2020-10)
Trajce Velkovski
;
Jasmina Chaloska
;
Vladimir Mučenski
;
Bojan Jovanoski
;
Bojan Jovanovski
The European Union's regulations on occupational safety and health originate from the European Framework Directive 89/391/EEC (Council Directive of 12 June 1989), in which the main aim is to introduce preventive measures which will promote awareness through specific activities for enhancing the occupational safety and health of employees in the workplace, guided by general principles for prevention of the occupational risks. The Constitution of the Republic of North Macedonia, in particular Article 32, paragraph 1, clearly states that "Everyone has the right to work, free choice of employment, safety at work and material security during temporary unemployment". The focus in the research is to contribute for reducing the lost working time in the companies of the manufacturing industry, as a result of occupational injuries and to increase the employee productivity and competitive advantage through devel-opment of safe working environment. The identification of the safety indicators is based on the analysis of existing scientific and research literary sources, OSH legislation in Republic of North Macedonia and Delphi expert’s assessment. The final result of the research is a developed methodology with structure of 50 iden-tified safety indicators, divided into 14 groups. Each indicator is defined by a weight factor rated by the expert group based on its impact on reducing the time lost by the occupational injuries. The safety indicators are identified with the ap-plication of the scientific method Delphi by reaching consensus of 32 occupation-al safety experts in two Delphi iterations.
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Analysis of the Efficiency of Sound Barriers as a Method for Passive Control of Traffic Noise
(he European Society of Safety Engineers, European Association of Occupational Safety EUROSA, 2023-09)
Trajce Velkovski
;
Maja Anachkova
;
Simona Domazetovska
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Jasmina Chaloska
;
Zlatko Petreski
In recent decades, the introduction of stricter environmental noise laws has resulted in a series of noise reduction measures of a different nature. These include urban planning measures such as the designation of noise-sensitive areas, regulations on vehicle speed limits or traffic restrictions, measures to improve the acoustic performance of vehicles, pavements and buildings, and the construction of noise barriers. The most used method to reduce noise on thoroughfares and highways is the installation of sound barriers that are constructed and constructed along the highway. There are three types of acoustic barriers, namely reflective, absorptive, and reactive. Absorbing barriers are opaque and contain a porous element that absorbs sound, such as fiber concrete and granulated concrete. Reflective barriers can be opaque or transparent and do not contain sound-absorbing material (concrete, cement, metal or wood) in their construction. Reactive barriers are opaque and are constructed to have cavities or resonators that are designed to absorb or reduce only certain frequencies that are part of the noise they are exposed to. Determining the effectiveness of noise barriers has attracted the attention of researchers over the past 40 years, and a wide variety of mathematical and experimental methodologies have been developed to assess it.
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Methodology for Prevention Through Design in Occupational Safety
(Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, 2023-10)
Trajce Velkovski
;
Jasmina Chaloska
;
Zlatko Petreski
;
Dragan Mitkovski
;
Vladimir Mucenski
Prevention by Design (PtD) is a concept of methodologies that can be applied during the design phase of work processes and products, ensuring the reduction of risks to the safety and health of individuals exposed to the design in all its forms. The purpose of this master's thesis is to assess the current methods of identifying and preventing work injuries among companies with the potential to implement Prevention through Design. Additionally, it aims to gauge the interest of designers, planners, and technical-engineering staff in its application. The analysis is conducted through literature research and a survey questionnaire distributed to companies directly or indirectly involved in design processes and products. This article provides an initial research analysis and sets the stage for further research on the methods and practices of implementing this ideology in the Republic of North Macedonia. The paper concludes with a summary of the data analysis and offers recommendations for future research.
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Exploring the Potential of a Regional CoVE in Green Innovation: Insights from Skopje Region
(Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, Economic Recovery, Consolidation, and Sustainable Growth, 2024-01)
Mila Velkovska
;
Radmil Polenakovikj
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Valentina Gecevska
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Bojan Jovanovski
;
Trajce Velkovski
This paper focuses on green transition and explores the potential of regional Centre of Vocational Excellence in green innovation in the Skopje Region, North Macedonia. The study involves engagement of key stakeholders through roundtable workshops and a quantitative survey, the analysis of which is a basis for the CoVE strategy. The findings present the opinions and perspectives of key actors from the quadruple helix, emphasising the importance of collaboration and partnership between different stakeholders and the need to continually assess and update educational programmes to prepare learners for the constantly evolving trends in the labour market. The CoVE in green innovation was established in December 2021 and in the moment its portfolio of services and capacities are being built.
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Methodology for Prevention Through Design in Occupational Safety
(Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, 2023-10)
Trajce Velkovski
;
Jasmina Chaloska
;
Zlatko Petreski
;
Aleksandra Hristova
Individual motivation plays a fundamental role in shaping human behavior, and this holds true for employees within the realm of occupational health and safety (OHS). Consequently, comprehending employee motivation from various levels and perspectives within organizations assumes paramount importance. Among the crucial components of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) within organizations, as well as OHS more broadly, are the OHS trainings provided to employees. This research aims to characterize the qualitative dimension of employee motivation, drawing upon the framework of the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), in manufacturing organizations located in the Republic of Macedonia. The findings of this study aim to contribute to a deeper understanding of employee motivation and aid in the enhancement of organizational approaches to the design of OHS trainings. The identification of qualitative dimensions of employee motivation, as per the principles of SDT, is grounded in the analysis of existing scientific and research literature, supplemented by a survey conducted among a sample of 70 employees.
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Productivity Improvement through Implementation of Lean tools
(FTN, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, 2023-10)
Aleksandra Velichkovska
;
Bojan Jovanoski
;
Robert Minovski
;
Trajce Velkovski
In the competitive manufacturing industry, cost-effective production is crucial for success. A key element in achieving operational efficiency and minimizing costs is an effective facility layout. This paper examines the packaging process for PU foam rolls, employing LEAN tools such as activity analysis, 5W2H, spaghetti diagram, and standardized work sheet among others. By identifying non-value adding steps and areas for improvement, insights were gained. Additionally, optimized machine layout was developed using From/To charts and CRAFT tool. The objective was to enhance process efficiency by analyzing distances, tools, and time for material handling and redesigning the layout accordingly. The results showed significant improvements, including reduced transportation distance (76.2%), time spent (63.3%), operational costs (50%), and increased operational efficiency (164.2%). This study highlights the effectiveness of LEAN tools and emphasizes the importance of production layout in enhancing efficiency and reducing costs for manufacturing companies to stay competitive.

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