Iustinianus Primus Faculty of Law
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Item type:Publication, FROM MANDATORY CONCILIATION TO MANDATORY MEDIATION IN FAMILY DISPUTES INVOLVING CHILDREN NORTH MACEDONIA IN LIGHT OF EUROPEAN HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS(Iustinianus Primus Faculty of Law, 2026-02)Ignovska ElenaThis article examines the implications of eventual mandatory mediation in family disputes involving children in North Macedonia, assessed against European human rights and children rights standards. It argues that the existing institute of (re)conciliation (мирење) is outdated and fails to meet European requirements. Introducing a mandatory mediation session in such disputes could increase mediation uptake, de-escalate conflicts, and better safeguard children’s interests. However, mandatory mediation also raises concerns regarding voluntariness, access to courts, and procedural fairness. Through a critical review of international human rights treaties and European legal instruments, alongside national regulation, including the Law on Mediation, the Law on the Family, and the family-related provisions of the Draft Civil Code, the article assesses whether mandatory mediation can effectively “revive” mediation while also advancing the best interests of the child and respecting fundamental rights more broadly. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Legal Possition of Vulnarable Adults in the Republic of North Macedonia In-between the Authority of the State and the Family(Faculty of Philosophy – Skopje, 2025)Ignovska ElenaFor a long period, the family laws have been focused on children’s rights, in cluding their right to opinion in matters that concern them. Vulnerable adults have been usually represented by others, while their own autonomy neglect ed. This has changed internationally. Many European family-law scholars con sider the topic of empowerment of vulnerable adults as the most important one in the junction between Family Law and Law on Persons nowadays, espe cially if we have in mind that demographically Europe has an aging popula tion, hence more adults than children. However, there are very scarce discus sions on this topic in the Republic of North Macedonia, where the concepts of deprivation of legal capacity and guardianship are still a threat towards human rights of vulnerable adults. The threat is especially observed towards their equality rights (not to be discriminated against), private and family life rights (the right to make decisions about their own body, medical treatments, reproductive choices, conclusion of marriage, recognition of parenthood etc.), procedural rights (the right to access to court and administrative institutions, the right to express legally valid opinions in such proceedings), political rights (the right to vote) etc. The Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) has been signed and ratified by the Republic of North Macedonia, whereas the Hague Conven tion on the International Protection of the Adults has not been signed. The country took serious measures to implement the CRPD. However, there are many complaints by the CRPD Committee and by associations/organizations that protect rights of persons with disabilities about its full implementation, as well as Courts’ decisions confirming discrimination. The objective of this study is to locate possible human rights infringements for vulnerable adults as a matter of policy enshrined in the legal documents and to try to find better solutions for integrating vulnerable adults in the so ciety. The legal position of vulnerable adults in the country will be observed in light of the CRPD and comparatively. The final aim of the study is to shed light on the less represented by themselves and more represented by others in the country and to find modules to improve their legal position in the future. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Legal Possition of Vulnarable Adults in the Republic of North Macedonia In-between the Authority of the State and the Family(Faculty of Philosophy – Skopje, 2025)Ignovska ElenaFor a long period, the family laws have been focused on children’s rights, including their right to opinion in matters that concern them. Vulnerable adults have been usually represented by others, while their own autonomy neglected. This has changed internationally. Many European family-law scholars consider the topic of empowerment of vulnerable adults as the most important one in the junction between Family Law and Law on Persons nowadays, especially if we have in mind that demographically Europe has an aging population, hence more adults than children. However, there are very scarce discussions on this topic in the Republic of North Macedonia, where the concepts of deprivation of legal capacity and guardianship are still a threat towards human rights of vulnerable adults. The threat is especially observed towards their equality rights (not to be discriminated against), private and family life rights (the right to make decisions about their own body, medical treatments, reproductive choices, conclusion of marriage, recognition of parenthood etc.), procedural rights (the right to access to court and administrative institutions, the right to express legally valid opinions in such proceedings), political rights (the right to vote) etc. The Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) has been signed and ratified by the Republic of North Macedonia, whereas the Hague Convention on the International Protection of the Adults has not been signed. The country took serious measures to implement the CRPD. However, there are many complaints by the CRPD Committee and by associations/organizations that protect rights of persons with disabilities about its full implementation, as well as Courts’ decisions confirming discrimination. The objective of this study is to locate possible human rights infringements for vulnerable adults as a matter of policy enshrined in the legal documents and to try to find better solutions for integrating vulnerable adults in the society. The legal position of vulnerable adults in the country will be observed in light of the CRPD and comparatively. The final aim of the study is to shed light on the less represented by themselves and more represented by others in the country and to find modules to improve their legal position in the future. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, THE GUARDIANSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA. NECESSITY TO TRANSIT FROM SUBSTITUTE DECISION-MAKING FOR THE WARD TO SUPPORTIVE DECISION-MAKING WITH THE WARD(Iustinianus Primus Faculty of Law, 2024-12)Ignovska ElenaThe author tackles the topic on guardianship in the intersection between family law and human rights that is very important yet neglected in the Macedonian legal theory and jurisprudence. Namely, the Republic of North Macedonia has ratified the Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities and has obligations to align its legal system (primarily its Family Law and Law on Non-contentious Procedure, but also other laws) with its spirit. However, it seems as if mental capacity is associated (or at least closely related) with legal capacity and as a result, persons deprived of legal capacity are limited to enjoy and act upon many fundamental rights. The author concludes that the Macedonian legal system is still very paternalistic when it comes to the relationship between vulnerable adults and the persons responsible to protect their interests on their behalf, appointed by the State. Therefore, the principle of presupposed ‘best interests’ dominates over the ‘will and preferences’ principle. Accordingly, the system recognizes only substitute decision-making for the ward, instead of supportive decision-making with the ward. This should be changed as a matter of priority in the future. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Euro-integration of the Republic of North Macedonia: Aligning with the EU acquis in Family related Matters and Children’s Rights, Iustinianus Primus Law Review Vol. 15, No. 1(Faculty of Law 'Iustinianus Primus' Skopje, 2024-04)Ignovska ElenaThis paper explores the process of Euro-integration of the Republic of North Macedonia, focusing on the aligning of its legal framework with the European Union acquis (the accumulated body of EU legislation and regulations) in family-related matters and children’s rights. The Republic of North Macedonia's accession to the EU is a complex process, requiring alignment with various EU policies and regulations. This paper explores the national legal consistency in a rather sensitive field to be harmonized, outlining the challenges and opportunities that arise during this transformative journey. By evaluating the progress made thus far and identifying areas that require further attention, this study aims to contribute to the broader discourse on the North’ Macedonia’s European integration. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The ‘Civil Death’ of Persons Deprived of Legal Capacity in the Republic of North Macedonia(Iustinianus Primus Faculty of Law, 2024)Ignovska ElenaThe author tackles the topic on legal capacity in the intersection between civil law and human rights that is very important, yet neglected in the Macedonian legal theory and jurisprudence. Namely, Republic of North Macedonia has ratified the Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities and has an obligations to align its legal system (primarily its Family Law and Law on Non-contentious Procedure, but also other laws) with its spirit. It seems like the concept of legal capacity does not include variations of the mental capacity in the Court’s decision. Instead, it is binary in terms that the legal capacity can be either limited/deprived or not, without further specification of the scope of rights and obligations encompassed therein. As a result, persons deprived from legal capacity (and sometimes persons with limited legal capacity) are limited to enjoy and act upon most of their fundamental rights. The author concludes that persons deprived from legal capacity in the Macedonian legal system are in ‘civil death’ because they are restricted from enjoying and acting upon many fundamental human rights. These include equality rights (not to be discriminated against), private and family life rights (right to make decisions about their own body, medical treatments, reproductive choices, conclusion of marriage, recognition of parenthood etc), procedural rights (right to access to court and administrative institutions, right to express legally valid opinions in such proceedings), political rights (right to vote) etc. This should be changed as a matter of priority in the future. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Assisted Reproduction Families: Affiliation of Children Conceived by ART to Single Women in the Republic of Macedonia and in the European Context, XII Jornadas Nacionales de Ciencia y Filosofia Politica(Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 2012)Ignovska Elena