A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE AND FUTURE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR NORTH MACEDONIA

Abstract

Climate change poses significant challenges to agriculture worldwide, with implications for food security, livelihoods, and ecosystems. This review paper examines the impact of climate change on agriculture and explores adaptation strategies for North Macedonia. The paper synthesizes existing literature on the subject, drawing from peer-reviewed articles, academic papers, and reports. The introduction provides an overview of the interconnectedness between climate change and agriculture, emphasizing the vulnerability of the agricultural sector to changing climatic conditions. The materials and methods section outlines the methodology employed, including a systematic literature search, source selection criteria, data extraction, analysis, and synthesis. Results and discussion focus on five key areas: crop adaptation, water management, pests and diseases in crops, biodiversity, and agroforestry. Each subsection discusses the challenges posed by climate change in these areas and explores potential adaptation measures tailored to North Macedonian context. The conclusion highlights the urgency of addressing climate change impacts on agriculture and emphasizes the importance of adopting climate-smart agricultural practices. It underscores the need for collaborative efforts between stakeholders to promote knowledge exchange, capacity building, and policy interventions. This paper highlights the importance of adapting agricultural practices to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on food production and rural livelihoods in North Macedonia. By embracing adaptation strategies, policymakers, farmers, and other stakeholders can enhance resilience and ensure sustainable agricultural development in the face of a changing climate.