Risk Factors for Childhood Asthma and Wheeze: Comparisons from an International Study
Journal
Environmental Health Perspectives
Date Issued
2018-09-24
Author(s)
Lawson, Joshua
Brozek, Grzegorz Marek
Beridze, Vakhtangi
Shpakov, Andrei
Fedortsiv, Olga
Rennie, Donna
Afanasieva, Anna
Beridze, Sophio
Zejda, Jan Eugeniusz
DOI
10.1289/isesisee.2018.p03.2830
Abstract
Background: There is variation in childhood asthma between countries with typically higher prevalence in “Westernized” nations. We compared asthma, respiratory symptoms, and medication prevalence in Eastern and Central European regions and Canada.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey study of children (5–15 years) from one urban centre in each of
Canada, Belarus, Poland, Republic of Georgia (Adjara), Republic of Macedonia, and Ukraine. Surveys were distributed through randomly selected schools to parents (2013–2015).
Results: The prevalence of asthma differed by country from 20.6% in Canada to 1.5% in Ukraine (p < 0.001). This association remained after confounder adjustment. Except for Canada (58.7%) and Poland (42.5%), less
than 10% of children with a history of wheeze had a diagnosis of asthma. Regardless of country, more than 50% of children with a diagnosis of asthma used breathing medications in the past year. Finally, except for Georgia
(12.1%), all countries had a prevalence of ever wheeze above 20% (23.8% in Poland to 30.9% in Macedonia).
Conclusions: Despite large differences in asthma prevalence, respiratory morbidity was more comparable suggesting asthma prevalence may be underestimated. Further validation of asthma diagnosis is needed. It is important to promote best diagnostic practices among first contact physicians.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey study of children (5–15 years) from one urban centre in each of
Canada, Belarus, Poland, Republic of Georgia (Adjara), Republic of Macedonia, and Ukraine. Surveys were distributed through randomly selected schools to parents (2013–2015).
Results: The prevalence of asthma differed by country from 20.6% in Canada to 1.5% in Ukraine (p < 0.001). This association remained after confounder adjustment. Except for Canada (58.7%) and Poland (42.5%), less
than 10% of children with a history of wheeze had a diagnosis of asthma. Regardless of country, more than 50% of children with a diagnosis of asthma used breathing medications in the past year. Finally, except for Georgia
(12.1%), all countries had a prevalence of ever wheeze above 20% (23.8% in Poland to 30.9% in Macedonia).
Conclusions: Despite large differences in asthma prevalence, respiratory morbidity was more comparable suggesting asthma prevalence may be underestimated. Further validation of asthma diagnosis is needed. It is important to promote best diagnostic practices among first contact physicians.