Two case reports on the effects of sevoflurane exposure duration on serum levels of neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S100 protein in children

Abstract

The length of sevoflurane exposure may raise the risk of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 protein alterations in blood, which might thereafter result in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The pathophysiology of POCD caused by the volatile anesthetic sevoflurane has been the subject of extensive research in recent years. This case study looks at preliminary findings about the effects of different sevoflurane anesthetic exposure durations on the levels of S100 protein and NSE in children’s blood. Additionally, it looks into how sevoflurane affects children’s early cognitive performance following surgery. To detect neurological effects during general anesthesia and ascertain the length of sevoflurane exposure, we employ the particular markers such as S100 protein and NSE.

In this case study, we present two pediatric patients who underwent general anesthesia with sevoflurane for different durations. The aim was to observe potential postoperative changes in NSE and S100 protein levels, which are biomarkers associated with neuronal injury and cognitive function. After the surgery, we utilize these levels to assess any cognitive problems. The parents or guardians gave their informed consent.