Optimizing Nephrectomy Outcomes through 3D-Printed Anatomical Replicas

Abstract

The utilization of 3D-printed replicas of patient-specific anatomy represents a significant advancement in the field of surgical planning. This abstract discusses the methodology, benefits, and implications of employing 3D-printed models in the preoperative planning and intraoperative phases of complex surgeries. The process begins with acquiring high-resolution images using CT or MRI. These images are then converted into a digital 3D model, which is used to produce a detailed physical replica of the patient's anatomy using 3D printing. The primary advantage of this approach is the ability to enhance the surgeon's understanding of the tumor's size, location, and relationship with adjacent structures. By physically manipulating the 3D model, surgeons can strategize the most effective surgical approaches, anticipate challenges, and avoid complications. Furthermore, these replicas can be used for patient education, improving their understanding of the procedure and setting realistic expectations. Clinical outcomes have shown the use of 3D-printed models for surgery planning can lead to shorter operation times and reduced intraoperative blood loss. We present the case of a 58-year-old female patient requiring a nephrectomy due to a large tumor of the left kidney. A 3D-printed anatomical replica was used for preoperative planning with promising results. The postoperative histological examination revealed the renal mass was a clear cell carcinoma of the kidney. Additionally, 13 lymph nodes were extracted, none showing signs of metastatic alteration. This not only demonstrates the surgical team's thoroughness but also highlights the added value of the 3D model in enabling meticulous dissection and evaluation of surrounding lymphatic tissue. In conclusion, the integration of 3D-printed anatomical replicas into the surgical workflow for large kidney tumors offers a tangible improvement in preoperative planning, surgical precision, and patient outcomes. As this technology becomes more accessible, it is poised to become a standard tool in the surgical treatment of renal pathologies.