PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL INFLUENCE OF IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS ON ADOLESCENTS AND THEIR CAREGIVERS

Abstract

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a lateral curvature of the spine greater than 10° in children aged 10-18 years. The deformity may progress severely during adolescent development and if the curve is greater than 45°, an operative treatment should be considered. This condition is accompanied by cosmetic deformity and dissatisfaction of adolescents with their own body image, which results in changes in their mental health and lifestyle. In addition, family functioning and the emergence of parental anxiety and depression may be affected after a child is diagnosed with a chronic health condition. Objective: Recognition of mental health disorders in the patients and their parents in order to take appropriate measures that would improve the outcome of AIS treatment. Method: Research was performed, using available databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, to capture relevant research published covering AIS. Results: Adolescents with scoliosis may show a less positive outlook on life, suffer from lower self-esteem, and have difficulty relating to peers. However, there is conflicting evidence whether the different stages of treatment, such as observation, bracing or surgery, affect the longterm psychological effect of scoliosis. Parents’ depression and anxiety were closely related to their children’s depression and anxiety. The parents face challenges such as acquiring adequate knowledge about scoliosis, participating in decisions about the type of treatment and managing their child undergoing invasive spine surgery. Conclusion: Psychosocial support is a key component in promoting better outcomes in adolescents as they cope with the challenges associated with idiopathic scoliosis. Providing parents with adequate information and resources on how to support their child can alleviate some of the emotional burden they experience.