INFLUENCE OF BMI ON RESISTIN IN GDM AND NORMOGLYCEMIC WOMEN

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes melitus is a glucose intolerance which is diagnosed for the first time in pregnancy. It may lead to potentially serious short term and long term maternal, fetal and neonatal complications. In GDM pregnancies biomarkers like resistin are elevated and may provide informations on pathophysiology and prediction of perinatal risk. Aim: to evaluate the average concentration of resistin in GDM and normoglycemic women, influence of body mass index on concentration of resistin in GDM and normoglycemic women. Material and methods: Case control study was made at the University Clinic for obstetrics and gynecology, Skopje in a period of one year. 100 pregnant women were regruted from the pregnant women that performed 75g OGTT in the second trimester for sreening for gestational diabetes melitus. Body mass index was calculated according to the terms of Institute of medicine and pregnant women were divided in 4 groups: GDM BMI>25 (n=25), GDM BMI<25(n=25), normoglycemic BMI>25(n=25), normoglycemic BMI<25(n=25). Serum levels of resistin were analysed with ELISA method. Results: The average values of resistin in GDM were 3.15 ± 2.02 ng/ml vs 1.94 ± 0.8 ng/ml in the control group, p=0.00021. In GDM, BMI>25 average values of resistin were 3.15 ± 2.0, whereas in GDM, BMI<25 resistin was significantly lower, 1.94 ± 0.8, p=0.0003. Pregnant women with GDM and BMI>25 had significantly higher average values of resistin (3.16 ± 2.2 ng/ml vs 2.09 ± 0.7 ng/ml, p=0.029) than normoglycemic women with BMI>25. Also pregnant women with GDM, BMI<25 had significantly higher values of resistin than normoglycemic pregnant women with BMI<25 (3.14±1.8 ng/ml vs 1.77±0.9 ng/ml), p=0.003. Normoglycemic overweight women had insignificantly higher values of resistin vs normoglycemic women with normal weight (2.09 ± 0.7 ng/ml vs 1.78 ± 0.9 ng/ml; p=0.19). Conclusion: The results from the study confirmed that GDM significantly alters the values of resistin. In the group of pregnant women with GDM the values of resistin are significantly elevated in women with BMI>25 vs BMI<25. Both women with GDM, BMI>25 and GDM, BMI<25 had significantly higher resistin than normoglycemic women with same BMI. In normoglycemic pregnant women resistin does not have a significant correlation with BMI.