Hyperbilirubinemia is a predictor of appendiceal perforation in children: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective: In this meta-analysis, our goal was to examine the diagnostic utility of bilirubin in identifying complicated from uncomplicated pediatric appendicitis.

Materials and methods: Using the databases Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane, we carried out a thorough literature search up to 2022. Studies comparing complicated appendicitis (CA) and simple appendicitis (SA) in terms of hyperbilirubinemia in the pediatric population were included.

Results: A total of 5 studies with 2740 acute appendicitis patients (1097 complicated appendicitis and 1643 simple appendicitis) were included in this meta-analysis. Five studies have discussed the diagnostic value of total bilirubin (TB). When compared to simple appendicitis, complicated appendicitis had a significantly higher TB count (I2=94%), (WMD=0.18, 95% CI -0.00 to 0.37;

P=0.05), DB count (I2=0%), (WMD=0.11, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.18; P=0.002), and IB count (I2= not applicable), (WMD=0.04, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.07; P=0.02).

Conclusions: In conclusion, in this meta-analysis, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin values were higher in complicated appendicitis compared to simple appendicitis. Both total bilirubin and direct bilirubin can be used as diagnostic parameters in childhood appendicitis to differentiate complicated appendicitis from simple appendicitis.